Lithium is a chemical element, symbol Li, this element can be new strand of world agriculture. The agronomic Biofortification of soybeans can be beneficial to the entire production chain that involves, because this practice can lead to an increase in the average productivity of culture in soils naturally poor, reversing the current picture of stagnation in productivity the last 10 years. Additionally, the producer of grains will benefit from adding value to the final product and the consumer will benefit by purchasing a product with higher Li content. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design (DIC), with three repetitions. The twelve treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme 2 x 6. The first factor is regarding the two lithium sources (Li2SO4 e LiOH) and the second factor refers to five doses of lithium in their fonts used (0; 20; 40; 60; 80 and 100 mg dm −3 ). Soybeans have had a positive effect on germination with the use of doses and sources of lithium compared with the witness, but the germination percentage was less than 65% well below the expected, which shows that the lithium in large doses can be harmful for the germination of seeds.
Java plum (Syzygium cumini L. Skeels) originates from Asia and has adapted very well to soil conditions and climate in Brazil, becoming spontaneous in the Northeast region. Still, there is no large commercial production in the country, since information related to planting, plant management, post-harvest management, and fruit processing is limited and vague. The production of quality seedlings depends on several factors, and the composition of the substrates is a factor of great importance, because the germination of the seeds, the beginning of the roots and the rooting are directly linked to the constitution of the substrate. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the Tocantins, at a city of Gurupi/TO. For this, Java plum seeds were used directly removed from the fruits, which were collected in the same period. The substrates used were: Washed Sand; Black Soil; Black Soil + Worm Humus + Commercial Substrate and Commercial Substrate + Washed Sand + Pine Bark, in the presence and absence of mucilage. The highest values of root length and length of shoot, in the presence and absence of mucilage, were obtained in the substrates of BS (10 and 13 cm) (8.7 and 9.3 cm), BS + WH + CS (9.3 and 12.4 cm) (8.2 and 9.5 cm) and CS + WS + PB (9 and 11 cm) (8.6 and 10.6 cm), respectively. Regarding the first emergency count and seedling emergence, once again the CS + WS + PB (20 and 56.2%) (51.2 and 90%), in the presence and absence of mucilage, respectively. It was concluded that the removal of the mucilage in Java plum seeds provided better performance in all substratum and the commercial substrate + washed sand + pine bark provided greater viability and vigor.
The guava tree is the fruit of the guava tree of the species Psidium guajava L. belonging to the family of Myrtaceae a rustic fruit and adapts to the most varied types of soils. It is a fleshy fruit, thin-skinned, green, or when mature yellowish and very rich in soluble fibers. Seed germination is influenced by factors such as substrate, which can improve germination, resulting in the acquisition of more vigorous seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Tocantins, Gurupi/TO, in 2017. The seeds of guava Kumagai and Paluma (Psidium guajava L.) used in the experiment were taken directly from the fruit, which was collected in the urban region of Gurupi in March 2017. For the two varieties evaluated, both for the first emergence count and seedling emergence, the substrates stood out: organic compound + black earth + commercial substrate (55% and 37%) (67% and 49%), washed sand + rice straw + black earth (52% and 36%) (52% and 36 %) lower substrates: washed sand (46% and 10%) (66% and 35%) and rice straw + sawdust + black ground (47% and 7%) (59% and 31%), respectively. The substrates: organic compound + black earth + commercial substrate and washed sand + rice straw + black earth provided the highest values of viability and vigour in white and red pulp guava seeds.
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