The timing of RRA seems to have no effect on the long-term outcome of the disease. Therefore, urgency for radioiodine ablation in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer is not recommended.

I retention measurements performed post dialysis; in two of them some additional measurements such as iodine clearances were also performed. rEsULts: None of the patients experienced any short-term side effects, while they all had undetectable thyroglobulin levels on the first post therapy evaluation off thyroxine. 131I elimination in the first haemodialysis was about 60%. staff incidental exposure and 131 I contamination were insignificant. cONcLUsIONs: On the basis of our experience, an empiric activity of 40-50% of that used for normal individuals appears to be effective as well as safe. these encouraging findings are discussed in relation with other reports in the literature.

The objectives of the study were to compare long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs) with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) according to the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) profile in stage 1 and 2 newly diagnosed hypertensives and also to evaluate the efficacy of high-dose monotherapy vs low-dose combination therapy of the two drug categories among the subjects with inadequate blood pressure (BP) control after conventional low-dose monotherapy. We obtained 24-h ABPM readings from 302 subjects with newly diagnosed stage 1 or 2 essential hypertension. The study protocol consisted of initial drug treatment with a low dose of either CCBs or ARBs. Hypertensives who did not achieve BP control were randomized to high-dose monotherapy of either category of drug or low-dose combination therapy. CCBs and ARBs in low-dose monotherapy achieved BP control in 53.8 and 55.3% of the cases, respectively. However, subjects under treatment with CCBs experienced side effects more often and required that treatment be discontinued. Hypertensives who failed to control their BP with low-dose monotherapy did significantly better with low-dose combination treatment (61.6%) than with high-dose CCBs (42.8%) or ARBs (40.5%) monotherapy (Po0.05). In terms of ABPM, lowdose combination therapy exhibited better 24-h BP profile according to trough-to-peak ratio, hypertensive burden and BP variability. In conclusion, low-dose ARBs and CCBs have a comparable effect in subjects with grade 1 and 2 arterial hypertension. In hypertensives who are not controlled by low-dose monotherapy, lowdose combination therapy proves be more efficacious than high-dose monotherapy.

Control of acromegaly with either TSS or SSA improved insulin sensitivity as evident by significantly lower fasting and postglucose insulin levels and HOMA-IR. In addition, patients of group III compared to patients of group II demonstrated significantly lower HOMA-β% (52·5 ± 10·9 vs 189·6 ± 86·7, P < 0·05) and lower first and second phase insulin release (443 ± 83·5 vs 1077 ± 140·8, P < 0·05 and 150 ± 18·2 vs 285 ± 33·3, P < 0·05), respectively. Also, lower fasting glucose levels and a lower prevalence of diabetes were noted in group II compared to group III (5·1 ± 0·2 vs 6·2 ± 0·2 mm, P < 0·05, and 13·3%vs 40%, P < 0·0031, respectively). CONCLUSIONS; Control of acromegaly with SSA seems to exhibit a negative effect on pancreatic β-cell function. Whether this has long-term clinical implications remains to be established. Nevertheless, careful monitoring of glucose metabolism in patients under SSA is beneficial for their optimal management.

The electrophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) has always been a deep mystery in understanding this complex arrhythmia. The pathophysiological mechanisms of AF are complex and often remain unclear despite extensive research. Therefore, the implementation of basic science knowledge to clinical practice is challenging. After more than 20 years, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) remains the cornerstone ablation strategy for maintaining the sinus rhythm (SR). However, there is no doubt that, in many cases, especially in persistent and long-standing persistent AF, PVI is not enough, and eventually, the restoration of SR occurs after additional intervention in the rest of the atrial myocardium. Substrate mapping is a modern challenge as it can reveal focal sources or rotational activities that may be responsible for maintaining AF. Whether these areas are actually the cause of the AF maintenance is unknown. If this really happens, then the targeted ablation may be the solution; otherwise, more rough techniques such as atrial compartmentalization may prove to be more effective. In this article, we attempt a broad review of the known pathophysiological mechanisms of AF, and we present the recent efforts of advanced technology initially to reveal the electrical impulse during AF and then to intervene effectively with ablation.