SummaryLivestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) CC398 was an increasing cause of bacteremia in Denmark during 2010–2015. Most patients lived in rural areas but had no contact to livestock. Whole-genome sequencing supported that Danish pigs are the most likely source of human LA-MRSA CC398 infections.

Invasive disease as a result of Campylobacter is rarely reported. We reviewed 46 cases of blood stream infection with Campylobacter in a Danish population with complete follow-up. The incidence was 2.9 per 1 million person-years with a peak incidence in the age group above 80 years. In the population, the ratio of notified bacteraemia/enteritis patients with Campylobacter infection was 0.004. Patients with bacteraemia were older and had higher comorbidity, e.g. alcoholism, immunosuppression, previous gastrointestinal surgery or HIV infection. We found 26% of blood isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin. The length of hospitalization was significantly longer in bacteraemia patients, whereas the outcome was favourable with 28-day mortality of 4% in bacteraemia patients and 1% in enteritis patients. None of the bacteraemia patients relapsed within 365-day follow-up.

Continuous WGS-based national surveillance of 3GC-R Ec , in combination with more detailed epidemiological information, can improve the ability to follow the population dynamics of 3GC-R Ec , thus allowing for the detection of potential outbreaks and the effects of changing treatment regimens in the future.

We describe clonal shifts in vanA Enterococcus faecium isolates from clinical samples obtained from patients in Denmark from 2015 to the first quarter (Q1) of 2019. During Q1 2019, the vancomycin-variable enterococci (VVE) ST1421-CT1134 vanA E. faecium became the most dominant vanA E. faecium clone and has spread to all five regions in Denmark. Among 174 E. faecium isolates with vanA, vanB or vanA/ vanB genes in Q1 2019, 44% belonged to this type.

This systematic review gives a strong recommendation against treatment with metronidazole and a weak recommendation against treatment with clindamycin to reduce the sPTD rate in both high-risk and low-risk pregnancies with BV.