Antibiotic resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium has been emerging in Europe. Also, discrepancies on the management and treatment of sexually transmitted infections may have distinctly influenced the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among European countries. This comprehensive review of the literature published between 2012 and 2018 updates antimicrobial resistance data in M. genitalium in Europe. Overall, macrolide resistance is rapidly increasing in this region, where many countries are exceeding 50%. The limited data regarding fluoroquinolone resistance estimate a prevalence of 5% (interquartile range, 5–6%). The study supports the need to conduct representative and well-defined surveillance on antimicrobial resistance in M. genitalium at both local and European levels. Also, further investigations on new promising antibiotics are required to fight against M. genitalium that may soon become untreatable.

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The STELLA trial is registered at the US National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov) #NCT01810874.

Objective To evaluate if the intraoperative human papillomavirus (IOP‐HPV) test has the same prognostic value as the HPV test performed at 6 months after treatment of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) to predict treatment failure. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Barcelona, Spain. Population A cohort of 216 women diagnosed with HSIL and treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Methods After LEEP, an HPV test was performed using the Hybrid Capture 2 system. If this was positive, genotyping was performed with the CLART HPV2 technique. The IOP‐HPV test was compared with HPV test at 6 months and with surgical margins. Main outcome measure Treatment failure. Results Recurrence rate of HSIL was 6%. There was a strong association between a positive IOP‐HPV test, a positive 6‐month HPV test, positive HPV 16 genotype, positive surgical margins and HSIL recurrence. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the IOP‐HPV test were 85.7, 80.8,24.0 and 98.8% and of the HPV test at 6 months were 76.9, 75.8, 17.2 and 98.0%. Conclusion Intraoperative HPV test accurately predicts treatment failure in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3. This new approach may allow early identification of patients with recurrent disease, which will not delay the treatment. Genotyping could be useful in detecting high‐risk patients. Tweetable abstract IOP‐HPV test accurately predicts treatment failure in women with CIN 2/3.