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Objective. To determine the occurrence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and the specificity of these antibodies (Ab) in serum from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by vasculitis (rheumatoid vasculitis [RV]).Methods. ANCA was detected with an indirect immunofluorescence test on ethanol-fixed granulocytes. Ab against the cytoplasmic antigens proteinase-3, elastase, lactoferrin (LF), and myeloperoxidase were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results. ANCA were found in the serum of 43% of 49 patients with RV and in 36% of 50 patients with RA. Anti-LF Ab occurred more frequently in RV patients (45%) than in RA patients (4%), whereas reactivity against the other cytoplasmic antigens did not differ significantly between these groups.

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The data demonstrate significantly increased concentrations of TRX in the SF and ST of RA patients when compared with the levels in patients with other joint diseases. Evidence is presented that the local environment in the rheumatic joint contributes to increased TRX production. Based on its growth-promoting and cytokine-like properties, it is proposed that increased expression of TRX contributes to the disease activity in RA.

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