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A procedure for obtaining compounds containing the cephalosporin ring system from penicillins embodying a new general reaction of cyclic sulfoxides, an intramolecular oxidation-reduction in which a carbon p to the sulfur is oxidized, has been developed. Products resulting without rearrangement of the sulfur ring (the substituted penicillin 4), with ring expansion (cephalosporins 5 and 6) and with ring contraction (compound 15) have been observed. Speculations concerning mechanisms ai16 stereochemistry are presented. A correlation of the antibiotic properties of the P-lactam containing substances with the infrared carbonyl frequencies is presented.he chemistry and structure of penicillin, the subject

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