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We report the first precise spectral measurement of fast neutrons produced in a deuterated plastic target irradiated by an ultraintense sub-picosecond laser pulse. The 500-fs, 50-J, 1054-nm laser pulse was focused on the deuterated polystyrene target with an intensity of 2 x 10(19) W/cm(2). The neutron spectra were observed at 55 degrees and 90 degrees to the rear target normal. The neutron emission was 7 x 10(4) per steradian for each detector. The observed neutron spectra prove the acceleration of deuterons and neutron production by d(d,n)3He reactions in the target. The neutron spectra were compared with Monte Carlo simulation results and the deuteron's directional anisotropy and energy spectrum were studied. We conclude that 2% of the laser energy was converted to deuterons, which has an energy range of 30 keV up to 3 MeV.

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The terminating atomic plane of SrTiO3 (001) surface was investigated by means of coaxial impact-collision ion scattering spectroscopy (CAICISS). CAICISS spectra proved that SrTiO3 (001) surfaces of as-supplied substrates as well as of O2-annealed substrates were predominantly terminated with TiO2 atomic plane, while the SrO atomic plane came at the topmost surface of SrTiO3 (001) homoepitaxial film. This indicates the structural conversion of the topmost atomic layer from TiO2 to SrO occurred during the SrTiO3 homoepitaxial growth. The azimuth rotational CAICISS spectra exhibited a fourfold symmetry in the surface atom alignments, showing the square lattice structure of a terminating plane.

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