Background Consumer‐driven research is increasingly being prioritized. Aim Our aim was to partner with consumers to identify the top 10 research priorities for pediatric anesthesia and perioperative medicine. The ACORN (Anesthesia Consumer Research Network) was formed to collaborate with children and families across Australia. Methods A prospective online survey was developed to generate research ideas from consumers. The survey was developed in Qualtrics, a survey research platform. Consumers were invited to participate through poster advertising, social media posts, via consumer networks at participating hospitals and in addition 35 national consumer/patient representative organizations were approached. We also conducted a similar idea generating survey for clinicians through email invitation and via Twitter. A second round of surveys was conducted to prioritize the long list of research questions and a shortlist of priorities developed. A single consensus meeting was held, and a final consensus list of top 10 priorities emerged. Results A total of 281 research ideas were submitted between 356 consumers in the idea generating survey and from four consumer/patient representative groups. Seventy‐five clinicians responded to the clinician idea generation survey. This was consolidated into 20 research ideas/themes for the second survey for each group. 566 responses were received to the consumer prioritization top 10 survey and 525 responses to the clinician survey. The consensus meeting produced the final 10 consumer research priorities. Conclusion This study has given Australian consumers the opportunity to shape the anesthesia and perioperative medicine research agenda for pediatric patients both nationally and internationally.

Infants with sepsis or complex medical conditions often require long-term intravenous (IV) drug therapy through a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). At the Women's and Children's Hospital (WCH) in South Australia, all PICCs not inserted in Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU) or Paediatric Intensive Care (PICU) are inserted in an Interventional Radiology suite. The previous practice at our institution for PICC insertion in infants involved the use of general anesthesia (GA). GA is associated with complications, including early postoperative apnea, hypotension, laryngospasm, and postextubation stridor. Infants are at especially

IntroductionHypoxaemia during anaesthesia for tubeless upper airway surgery in children with abnormal airways is common due to the complexity of balancing adequate depth of anaesthesia with maintenance of spontaneous breathing and providing an uninterrupted field of view of the upper airway for the surgeon. High-flow nasal oxygenation (HIGH-FLOW) can prolong safe apnoea time and be used in children with abnormal airways but to date has not been compared with the alternative technique of low-flow nasal oxygenation (LOW-FLOW). The aim is to investigate if use of HIGH-FLOW can reduce the number of hypoxaemic events requiring rescue oxygenation compared with LOW-FLOW.Methods and analysis High-flow oxygen for children’s airway surgery: randomised controlled t rial (HAMSTER) is a multicentre, unmasked, randomised controlled, parallel group, superiority trial comparing two oxygenation techniques during anaesthesia. Children (n=530) aged >37 weeks to 16 years presenting for elective tubeless upper airway surgery who fulfil inclusion but not exclusion criteria will be randomised prior to surgery to HIGH-FLOW or LOW-FLOW post induction of anaesthesia. Maintenance of anaesthesia with HIGH-FLOW requires Total IntraVenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) and with LOW-FLOW, either inhalational or TIVA at discretion of anaesthetist. The primary outcome is the incidence of hypoxaemic events requiring interruption of procedure for rescue oxygenation by positive pressure ventilation and the secondary outcome includes total hypoxaemia time, adverse cardiorespiratory events and unexpected paediatric intensive care admission admission. Hypoxaemia is defined as Sp02 <90%. Analysis will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained by Children’s Health Queensland Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/18/QRCH/130). The trial commenced recruitment in 2018. The primary manuscript will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberThe HAMSTER is registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical TrialsRegistry: ACTRN12618000949280.