In the catheter ablation for AF, we found no significant reduction in the 1-year incidence of recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias by ATP-guided PVI compared with conventional PVI.

We clearly showed that the expression of the MMP-9 increased in fibrillating atrial tissue, which may have contributed to the atrial structural remodeling and atrial dilatation during AF.

Short-term use of AAD for 90 days following AF ablation reduced the incidence of recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias during the treatment period, but it did not lead to improved clinical outcomes at the later phase.

Small and large non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) contribute to the acquisition of aggressive tumor behavior in diverse human malignancies. Two types of ncRNAs, miRNA‑10b (miR-10b) and homemobox (HOX) transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), can suppress the translation of the HOXD10 gene, an mRNA encoding a transcriptional repressor that inhibits the expression of cell migration/invasion-associated genes. Using epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines and primary tumors, we investigated whether miR‑10b and/or HOTAIR can regulate the expression of HOXD10, and whether it permits gain of pro‑metastatic gene products, matrix metallopeptidase 14 (MMP14) and ras homolog family member C (RHOC). Overexpression of miR-10b induced a decrease in HOXD10 protein expression, and upregulated the migration and invasion abilities in ovarian cancer cell lines (P<0.05). In these cells, a significant increase of MMP14 and RHOC protein was observed. No significant upregulation of the HOXD10 protein was observed in cells with the treatment of HOTAIR-siRNA. Positive signals for HOXD10 and MMP14 proteins were observed in 47 (69%) and 25 (37%) of 68 patients with epithelial ovarian cancers. An inverse correlation between HOXD10 and MMP14 immunoreactivities was observed (P<0.05), and miR-10b expression was also inversely correlated with HOXD10 protein expression (P<0.05). These results suggested that downregulation of HOXD10 expression by miR-10b overexpression may induce an increase of pro-metastatic gene products, such as MMP14 and RHOC, and contribute to the acquisition of metastatic phenotypes in epithelial ovarian cancer cells.

Abstract. Paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy for cancer (TC therapy) exhibits neurotoxicity and causes peripheral neuropathy at a high frequency, which is difficult to cope with. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of Goshajinkigan, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, for TC therapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. The subjects included in our study were patients with ovarian or endometrial cancer who underwent TC therapy and developed peripheral neuropathy. The patients were randomly divided into Group A, comprising of 14 patients (vitamin B12 treatment), and Group B, comprising of 15 patients (vitamin B12 + Goshajinkigan treatment). The observation period was 6 weeks following treatment initiation, and the evaluation items were as follows: i) the current perception threshold (CPT value) of the peripheral nerve, ii) visual analogue scale for numbness, iii) National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 grade of neurotoxicity, and iv) a questionnaire on the subjective symptoms of peripheral neuropathy (functional assessment of cancer therapy-taxane). These were compared between the groups and no significant differences were noted in any item. However, CTCAE grade 3 neurotoxicity developed in 2 patients (14.3%) after 6 weeks of administration in Group A, whereas no neurotoxicity was observed in Group B. When the change in the frequency of abnormal CPT ratio at 6 weeks of administration from that before treatment was compared between the groups, the frequency of abnormal value was significantly lower in Group B than in Group A (p<0.05). This suggests that Goshajinkigan inhibits the progression of peripheral neuropathy.