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High-speed railway systems have begun to be widely deployed. To meet increasingly stringent requirements under harsh running environments, we propose and demonstrate three fiber-Bragg-grating (FBG)-based approaches for the strain measurement and axle counting in high-speed railway systems, including matched gratings, grating under uneven strain distribution, and semi-free grating. All approaches are laboratory verified and evaluated using the train load platform. Pros and cons are also discussed in terms of feasibility and cost-effectiveness.

Deep dry screening is the key unit in mineral processing. A vibrating flip-flow screen (VFFS) can provide effective solutions for screening fine-grained minerals, and it has been extensively used in many industrial fields. An accurate dynamic model of VFFS considering the influence of materials is significant for its dynamic analysis and screening process research, but it has rarely been studied in detail. In this paper, an improved dynamic model of VFFS is proposed and its dynamic equations are solved to find the reasonable operating condition, and experiments are carried out to verify the reasonability of the proposed model under no-load and loading materials conditions. Furthermore, the method of multistage sampling and multilayer screening is also applied to evaluate the screening performance of iron ore at 3 mm cut size on VFFS. Results show that when the mass of materials, relative amplitude, and operating frequency have values of 107 kg, about 6 mm and 80.79 rad/s, respectively, the screening efficiency gradually increases with an increase of screening length, reaching 89.05%; however, it does not change much when the screening length exceeds 1900.8 mm. Additionally, the misplaced materials of coarse particles will continue to increase as the screening length increases. This provides theoretical and technical support for the optimization of the length of the VFFS.

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