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The incidence and prevalence figures confirm that AIH is a fairly uncommon disease in the Swedish population. Symptoms at presentation were unspecific, but almost half of the patients were jaundiced, with around 30% having liver cirrhosis. The majority of Swedish AIH patients had AIH type 1.

Abstract. Wei G, Bergquist A, Broomé U, Lindgren S, Wallerstedt S, Almer S, Sangfelt P, Danielsson Å , Sandberg-Gertzén H, Lööf L, Prytz H, Björnsson E (Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg; Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm; University Hospital MAS, Malmö; University Hospital, Linköping; University Hospital, Uppsala; University Hospital, Umeå; University Hospital, Ö rebro; Central Hospital, Västerås; and University Hospital, Lund; Sweden). Acute liver failure in Sweden: etiology and outcome. Results. A total of 279 patients were identified. The most common cause of ALF were acetaminophen toxicity in 42% and other drugs in 15%. In 31 cases (11%) no definite etiology could be established. The KCH criteria had a positive-predictive value (PPV) of 67%, negative-predictive value (NPV) of 84% in the acetaminophen group. Positive-predictive value and negative-predictive value of KCH criteria in the nonacetaminophen group were 54% and 63% respectively. MELD score >30 had a positive-predictive value of 21%, negative-predictive value of 94% in the acetaminophen group. The corresponding figures for the nonacetaminophen group were 64% and 76% respectively.Conclusions. Acetaminophen toxicity was the most common cause in unselected patients with ALF in Sweden. KCH criteria had a high NPV in the acetaminophen group, and in combination with MELD score <30 predicts a good prognosis in acetaminophen patients without transplantation.