The present study determined the morphometric characteristics of the septal body as well as its location and surface area. The intimate relationship of the septal body to the internal nasal valve and the histological characteristics of its mucosa should stimulate research into its potential role in modifying nasal airflow pattern and resistance, and its role in changing the humidity and temperature of the inspiratory air stream.

Oral isotretinoin is the most effective anti‐acne drug with the strongest sebum‐suppressive effect caused by sebocyte apoptosis. It has been hypothesized that upregulation of nuclear FoxO transcription factors and p53 mediate isotretinoin‐induced sebocyte apoptosis in vivo. It is the aim of our study to analyse the distribution of the pro‐apoptotic transcription factors FoxO1 and FoxO3 in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments of human sebocytes in vivo before and during isotretinoin treatment of acne patients. Immunohistochemical analysis of skin biopsies with antibodies distinguishing phosphorylated and non‐phosphorylated human FoxO1 and FoxO3 proteins was performed before isotretinoin treatment, six weeks after initiation of isotretinoin therapy, and in acne‐free control patients not treated with isotretinoin. Our in vivo study demonstrates a significant increase in the nucleo‐cytoplasmic ratio of non‐phosphorylated FoxO1 and FoxO3 during isotretinoin treatment of acne patients. Translational and presented experimental evidence indicates that upregulation of nuclear FoxO1 and FoxO3 proteins is involved in isotretinoin‐induced pro‐apoptotic signalling in sebocytes confirming the scientific hypothesis of isotretinoin‐mediated upregulation of FoxO expression.

The present study suggests that the level of cfDNA can be easily quantified using plasma samples. Thus, level of plasma cfDNA might constitute an important noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic valuable tool in cancer breast patients' management.

Objectives Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are used to deliver drugs and therapeutic small molecule inhibitors to cancer cells. Evidence shows that AuNPs coated with nuclear localization sequence can cross the nuclear membrane and induce cellular apoptosis. To determine the therapeutic role of AuNPs, we compared two nanoconstructs conjugated to doxorubicin (DOX) through pH‐sensitive and pH‐resistant linkers. Materials and Methods We tested DOX nanoconjugates' cytotoxicity, cellular and nuclear uptake in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Furthermore, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of pH‐sensitive and pH‐resistant DOX bioconjugates in hamster buccal pouch carcinoma model. Results Our data indicate that pH‐resistant and pH‐sensitive DOX‐nanoconjugates were equally localized in cancer cells, but the pH‐resistant DOX nanoparticles were more localized in the nuclei inducing a 2‐fold increase in the apoptotic effect compared with the pH‐sensitive DOX nanoparticles. Our in vivo results show significantly higher tumor shrinkage and survival rates in animals treated with DOX pH‐resistant AuNPs compared with pH‐sensitive ones. Conclusion Our findings suggest that AuNPs enhance the cytotoxic effect against cancer cells in addition to acting as drug carriers. DOX pH‐resistant AuNPs enhanced accumulation of AuNPs in cancer cells’ nuclei inducing a significant cellular apoptosis which was confirmed using in vitro and in vivo experiments without deleterious effects on blood cell count.