Table of contentsP001 - Sepsis impairs the capillary response within hypoxic capillaries and decreases erythrocyte oxygen-dependent ATP effluxR. M. Bateman, M. D. Sharpe, J. E. Jagger, C. G. EllisP002 - Lower serum immunoglobulin G2 level does not predispose to severe flu.J. Solé-Violán, M. López-Rodríguez, E. Herrera-Ramos, J. Ruíz-Hernández, L. Borderías, J. Horcajada, N. González-Quevedo, O. Rajas, M. Briones, F. Rodríguez de Castro, C. Rodríguez GallegoP003 - Brain protective effects of intravenous immunoglobulin through inhibition of complement activation and apoptosis in a rat model of sepsisF. Esen, G. Orhun, P. Ergin Ozcan, E. Senturk, C. Ugur Yilmaz, N. Orhan, N. Arican, M. Kaya, M. Kucukerden, M. Giris, U. Akcan, S. Bilgic Gazioglu, E. TuzunP004 - Adenosine a1 receptor dysfunction is associated with leukopenia: A possible mechanism for sepsis-induced leukopeniaR. Riff, O. Naamani, A. DouvdevaniP005 - Analysis of neutrophil by hyper spectral imaging - A preliminary reportR. Takegawa, H. Yoshida, T. Hirose, N. Yamamoto, H. Hagiya, M. Ojima, Y. Akeda, O. Tasaki, K. Tomono, T. ShimazuP006 - Chemiluminescent intensity assessed by eaa predicts the incidence of postoperative infectious complications following gastrointestinal surgeryS. Ono, T. Kubo, S. Suda, T. Ueno, T. IkedaP007 - Serial change of c1 inhibitor in patients with sepsis – A prospective observational studyT. Hirose, H. Ogura, H. Takahashi, M. Ojima, J. Kang, Y. Nakamura, T. Kojima, T. ShimazuP008 - Comparison of bacteremia and sepsis on sepsis related biomarkersT. Ikeda, S. Suda, Y. Izutani, T. Ueno, S. OnoP009 - The changes of procalcitonin levels in critical patients with abdominal septic shock during blood purificationT. Taniguchi, M. OP010 - Validation of a new sensitive point of care device for rapid measurement of procalcitoninC. Dinter, J. Lotz, B. Eilers, C. Wissmann, R. LottP011 - Infection biomarkers in primary care patients with acute respiratory tract infections – Comparison of procalcitonin and C-reactive proteinM. M. Meili, P. S. SchuetzP012 - Do we need a lower procalcitonin cut off?H. Hawa, M. Sharshir, M. Aburageila, N. SalahuddinP013 - The predictive role of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin biomarkers in central nervous system infections with extensively drug resistant bacteriaV. Chantziara, S. Georgiou, A. Tsimogianni, P. Alexandropoulos, A. Vassi, F. Lagiou, M. Valta, G. Micha, E. Chinou, G. MichaloudisP014 - Changes in endotoxin activity assay and procalcitonin levels after direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin-b immobilized fiberA. Kodaira, T. Ikeda, S. Ono, T. Ueno, S. Suda, Y. Izutani, H. ImaizumiP015 - Diagnostic usefullness of combination biomarkers on ICU admissionM. V. De la Torre-Prados, A. Garcia-De la Torre, A. Enguix-Armada, A. Puerto-Morlan, V. Perez-Valero, A. Garcia-AlcantaraP016 - Platelet function analysis utilising the PFA-100 does not predict infection, bacteraemia, sepsis or outcome in critically ill patientsN. Bolton, J. Dudziak, S. Bonney, A. Tridente, P. NeeP017 - Extracellular histone H3 levels are in...

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Background Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. MethodsIn this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middleincome countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42•4% vs 44•2%; absolute difference -1•69 [-9•58 to 6•11] p=0•67; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5-8] vs 6 [5-8] cm H 2 O; p=0•0011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30•5% vs 19•9%; p=0•0004; adjusted effect 16•41% [95% CI 9•52-23•52]; p<0•0001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0•80 [95% CI 0•75-0•86]; p<0•0001).Interpretation Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status.

BACKGROUND: We assessed adherence to treatment and management needs of adults with persistent asthma and their interest in using apps for asthma management. Secondarily, we explored patients' opinions about an app to assess and improve adherence to treatment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 40 adults with persistent asthma (49.9±15.8 years) recruited at outpatient clinics from a district hospital. Participants answered a survey on sociodemographic, asthma control, treatment adherence and use of mobile devices, social networks and apps. Four patients participated in a prospective extension of the study, in which they were invited to use the InspirerMundi app. RESULTS: 48% of the participants had at least ≥1 exacerbation in the previous year and 85% had uncontrolled asthma. Self-reported adherence to treatment showed that one in four participants had low adherence. At least daily, 55% of participants navigated on the internet with their smartphone/tablet, 35% used apps and 93% social networks. Nine (22%) participants had previously used health/fitness apps and 65% would like to use apps to improve inhaler adherence. CONCLUSIONS: Most participants had uncontrolled asthma, reported high adherence to treatment and were daily users of social networks and the internet. Only 1/4 used apps but 2/3 would like to use apps to support asthma management.

Background Pharmaceutical Interventions (PI) are part of pharmaceutical care process and aim to reduce drug-related negative results through early detection of drug related problems (DRP). They are mainly focused on renal/hepatic adjustment of drugs, and supervision of medicines with narrow therapeutic windows and unconventional regimen features. Purpose Evaluation of PI in separate departments during the first semester of 2011. This will allow a consistent and uniform record and classification of PI, aiming to raise doctors' awareness for the most frequent prescription-related DRPs. Materials and methods PI's were recorded on a database (Excel 2007) and classified according to the DÁDER method (Third Revision 2005-University of Granada), accepted as a tool to identify DRPs. DRPs are classified according to: Need: DRP1-Need of additional treatment and DRP2-Unnecessary drug; Efficacy: DRP3-Non-quantitative lack of efficacy and DRP4-Quantitative lack of efficacy; Safety: DRP5-Non-quantitative insecurity and DRP6-Quantitative insecurity. Results From a total of 1835 PI, 82% were accepted (AC). The DRP's distribution was: DRP1-17, 4%, DRP2-25, 4%, DRP3-2%, DRP4-16, 1%, DRP5-5, 1%, DRP6-33, 5%. Departments were analysed separately because of different specifications. The medicine department had a total of 795 PI, with an acceptance of 80, 4%. The most frequent DRP's were DRP6 (38%), DRP1 (20%) and DRP2 (19%). The surgical department had 470 PI, with an acceptance of 95, 5%. The most frequent DRP's were DRP2 (42,2%), DRP6 (19,9%), DRP1 (18,6%) and DRP4 (17,2%). Intensive care units had a total of 149 PI with 89, 3% accepted, the most frequent being DRP6 (40,4%) and DRP4 (31, 5%). The emergency department had a total of 421 PI with 67% accepted. The most frequent DRP's were DRP6 (37%) and DRP2 (24%). Conclusions This analysis showed that: The pharmaceutical interventions had high rates of acceptance (≥80%) The most frequent DRP were related to quantitative insecurity (DRP6), followed by the prescription of unnecessary drug (DRP2), despite some differences between different departments.