A detailed analysis is presented of the diffractive deep-inelastic scattering process ep → eXY , where Y is a proton or a low mass proton excitation carrying a fraction 1−x I P > 0.95 of the incident proton longitudinal momentum and the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex satisfies |t| < 1 GeV 2 . Using data taken by the H1 experiment, the cross section is measured for photon virtualities in the range 3.5 ≤ Q 2 ≤ 1600 GeV 2 , triple differentially in x I P , Q 2 and β = x/x I P , where x is the Bjorken scaling variable. At low x I P , the data are consistent with a factorisable x I P dependence, which can be described by the exchange of an effective pomeron trajectory with intercept α IP (0) = 1.118 ± 0.008 (exp.) +0.029 −0.010 (model). Diffractive parton distribution functions and their uncertainties are determined from a next-to-leading order DGLAP QCD analysis of the Q 2 and β dependences of the cross section. The resulting gluon distribution carries an integrated fraction of around 70% of the exchanged momentum in the Q 2 range studied. Total and differential cross sections are also measured for the diffractive charged current process e + p →ν e XY and are found to be well described by predictions based on the diffractive parton distributions. The ratio of the diffractive to the inclusive neutral current ep cross sections is studied. Over most of the kinematic range, this ratio shows no significant dependence on Q 2 at fixed x I P and x or on x at fixed Q 2 and β.

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This Letter presents a search for magnetic monopoles with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider using an integrated luminosity of 2:0 fb À1 of pp collisions recorded at a center-of-mass energy of ffiffi ffi s p ¼ 7 TeV. No event is found in the signal region, leading to an upper limit on the production cross section at 95% confidence level of 1:6= fb for Dirac magnetic monopoles with the minimum unit magnetic charge and with mass between 200 GeV and 1500 GeV, where is the monopole reconstruction efficiency. The efficiency is high and uniform in the fiducial region given by pseudorapidity j j < 1:37 and transverse kinetic energy 600-700 < E kin sin < 1400 GeV. The minimum value of 700 GeV is for monopoles of mass 200 GeV, whereas the minimum value of 600 GeV is applicable for higher mass monopoles. Therefore, the upper limit on the production cross section at 95% confidence level is 2 fb in this fiducial region. Assuming the kinematic distributions from Drell-Yan pair production of spin-1=2 Dirac magnetic monopoles, the efficiency is in the range 1%-10%, leading to an upper limit on the cross section at 95% confidence level that varies from 145 fb to 16 fb for monopoles with mass between 200 GeV and 1200 GeV. This limit is weaker than the fiducial limit because most of these monopoles lie outside the fiducial region.

The physiological inertness of synthetic implant materials often results in insufficient implant integration and limited acceptance of implants in tissues. After implantation the implant surface is often separated from the surrounding healthy and regenerating tissue, for example by a fibrous capsule. To avoid this host-versus-graft reaction, a strong mechanical contact between tissue and implant must be ensured. An enhanced contact between graft and the surrounding tissue can be provided by coating the implant with cell-adhesive molecules. The highly active and alpha(v)beta(3)- and alpha(v)beta(5)-integrin-selective peptide c(-RGDfK-) (f=D-phenylalanine) was functionalized with various linker molecules containing an acrylamide end group by using the lysine side chain of c(-RGDfK-). The acrylamide group can be used to bind the peptide covalently to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surfaces. The coated surfaces effectively bind to murine osteoblasts as well as human osteoblasts in vitro when a minimum distance of 3.5 nm between surface and the constrained RGD sequence is provided. In contrast to osteoblasts in cell suspension, surface-bound osteoblasts show no apoptosis but proliferate by a factor of 10 over a 22 d period. Coating of inert implant surfaces with highly active and alpha(v)-selective peptides affords a marked improvement in osteoblast binding over current technologies. In vivo studies show that peptide-coated PMMA pellets implanted into the patella groove of rabbits are integrated into the regenerating bone tissue faster and more strongly than uncoated pellets.

The χ(b)(nP) quarkonium states are produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at sqrt[s] = 7  TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4  fb(-1), these states are reconstructed through their radiative decays to Υ(1S,2S) with Υ → μ+ μ-. In addition to the mass peaks corresponding to the decay modes χ(b)(1P,2P) → Υ(1S)γ, a new structure centered at a mass of 10.530 ± 0.005(stat) ± 0.009(syst)  GeV is also observed, in both the Υ(1S)γ and Υ(2S)γ decay modes. This structure is interpreted as the χ(b)(3P) system.