The OPERA neutrino experiment in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory (LNGS) was designed to perform the first detection of neutrino oscillations in direct appearance mode in the ν µ → ν τ channel, the ν τ signature being the identification of the τ -lepton created in its charged current interaction. 39 Authors to whom any correspondence should be addressed. 40 On leave of absence from LPI-Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
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