No abstract

No abstract

( 2 0 1 0 ) Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness 2, 102-112 Dementia and risk: contested territories of everyday life Aims. The project aimed to understand the construction of risk in dementia care from the perspective of the person with dementia, family carers and practitioners with the intention of developing negotiated partnerships in risk management. Background. This paper addresses a gap in the literature by embedding constructions of risk within everyday events and social contexts, and communicates such constructions through the voices of people with dementia, carers and practitioners. Method. This symbolic interactionalist study involved data collection by interview with 55 people with dementia (sometimes twice), and their nominated carer and practitioner. The sample was drawn from three regions of the United Kingdom. Data were collected during 2004. Conclusions. Five 'contested territories' of everyday living with dementia are outlined in this paper: friendships, smoking, going out, domestic arrangements, and occupation and activity. These contested territories are purposeful and allow for 102Ó 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd sense making, maintenance of self, claiming and relinquishing decision making, and creating purpose(lessness) in people's lives. Relevance to clinical practice. Assessing and managing risk in a way that respects the dynamics and purposes of contested territories will support care that is person centred, and moreover respectful of the relationships that contribute to maintaining the individual's sense of self and purpose.Key words: carer, contested territories, dementia, everyday life, risk, symbolic interactionism IntroductionThe paper addresses the complex area of risk management in dementia care. It described a qualitative study in which 55 people with dementia were interviewed, together with their nominated family member and carer. The findings demonstrate the everyday ways in which people with dementia experience risk and its impact on their sense-making, and their identity, purpose and control over their lives. As such, the paper contributes to a growing awareness of the critical importance of the ways in which the micro-dynamics of people's lives are affected by others and it offers a way of intervening to support the identity of the person with dementia.

Human factors engineering is a discipline that studies the capabilities and limitations of humans and the design of devices and systems for improved performance. The principles of human factors engineering can be applied to infection prevention and control to study the interaction between the healthcare worker and the system that he or she is working with, including the use of devices, the built environment, and the demands and complexities of patient care. Some key challenges in infection prevention, such as delayed feedback to healthcare workers, high cognitive workload, and poor ergonomic design, are explained, as is how human factors engineering can be used for improvement and increased compliance with practices to prevent hospital-acquired infections.