Patients with nonpulsatile left ventricular assist devices appear to have a higher rate of gastrointestinal bleeding events than do pulsatile left ventricular assist device recipients. Further prospective evaluation is needed to determine potential etiologies and strategies for reducing gastrointestinal bleeding in this population.

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In most patients with end-stage heart failure considered for LVAD implantation, renal dysfunction is reversible and likely related to poor renal perfusion.

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