No abstract

The growing interest in the chemistry of unsaturated ring-fused 1,3-heterocycles, in this particular case 1,3-oxazines, arise in part from their versatile pharmacological applications. In the present article, the evaluation of the in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity of two cyclohexene-fused oxazines is discussed. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by trapping the ABTS and hydroxyl radicals as well as the inhibition of the enzyme acetyl-cholinesterase and hemolysis of erythrocytes by 2,2’-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH). The results suggest that both unsaturated 1,3-oxazines are auspicious sources of biologically active compounds with good antioxidant properties. In addition, a comprehensive analysis of the interaction between these heterocycles with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, as well as the measurements of redox potential, provided evidence for a mechanism of antioxidant activity that takes place through electron transfer (ET) processes.

No abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease transmitted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is characterized as an emerging and global health problem. To evaluate the epidemiological and operational aspects of notified TB cases in the state of Piauí. This was a documentary, retrospective, descriptive research with a quantitative approach. Data were collected from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) having as variables studied: year of diagnosis, incidence, mortality, type of entry, clinical form, laboratory confirmation, Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) performed, and situation of closure. We studied 10,956 cases of TB and, through these cases, it was observed that over the years there was a decline in the number of reported cases. The state has the average annual incidence and mortality rate, respectively, 29.5 cases / 100 thousand inhabitants and 2 deaths / 100 thousand inhabitants. It was observed that the type of entry per new case (85.3%) and the pulmonary form of the disease (83.4%) prevailed. Laboratory confirmation was performed in 60% of cases and DOT in 55.4% of cases. Regarding the evolution of cases, cure was the main outcome (69.4%). The investigation made it possible to know the characteristics of tuberculosis in the studied population, where it was observed that, over the years, there was a reduction in the number of reported cases, a recent increase in incidence and mortality, most of them are new cases, with pulmonary form. with the diagnosis by laboratory confirmation, with the DOT performed and progressing to cure.

O estresse oxidativo constitui-se em uma ameaça constante para o organismo. Em virtude disto, uma série de defesas antioxidantes, além de sistemas de reparo em células evoluíram com o objetivo de proteção contra a destruição e danos ocasionados pelos radicais livres. As plantas produzem uma enorme variedade de antioxidantes que tendem a agir contra o dano celular por meio da remoção de espécies reativas de oxigênio e espécies reativas de nitrogênio. A Lippia origanoides Humboldt, Bonpland e Kunth, família Verbenaceae, é um arbusto aromático conhecido como “Alecrim-do-campo”, sendo responsável por variadas atividades farmacológicas e biológicas, inclusive a proteção antioxidante. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a composição química do óleo essencial de L.origanoides HBK (OELO) e avaliar sua atividade antioxidante in vitro. Para tanto foi avaliado o potencial antioxidante in vitro pelos métodos potencial redutor, 2,2difenil-1-picrilhidrazila (DPPH), inibição da peroxidação lipídica (TBARS), radical hidroxila e oxido nítrico, nas concentrações de 100, 300 e 900 µM. Todas as concentrações apresentaram atividade antioxidante. O potencial redutor, as reduções da produção de TBARS e inibição do radical DPPH• mostraram-se superiores ao controle positivo, o ácido ascórbico, evidenciando uma alta presença de substâncias antioxidantes. Estes resultados sugerem que esta espécie é promissora para a produção de fitoterápico onde a atividade antioxidante seja de ação desejada.