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Lockdown due to SARS-CoV-2, which lasted ten weeks in Spain, from 15 March to 25 May 2020, proved to be a physical and psychological challenge for the general population 1. Patients with chronic disorders have experienced special difficulties, even when their disease per se does not put them at significant risk for infection 2. We aimed to find out the effect of the lockdown on our patients with chronic (often drug resistant) epilepsy (PWE), and the possible changes in seizure frequency and severity, mood and sleep quality during that time. We also inquired about telematic visits during these months.

Background Telemedicine offers the possibility of provision of medical assistance to remote patients, and it has great potential in developing countries like Pakistan. Telemedicine solves logistical barriers, gives support to weak health systems, and helps to establish worldwide networks of healthcare professionals. Because of the high implementation costs, it is not possible yet to adopt telehealth systems for low‐ and middle‐income nations. Objective To present a revision of region‐based telemedical services in Pakistan. Methods Libraries such as PubMed (Medline), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Scopus (EMBASE), and Google Scholar were used for document search. Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) was adopted to conduct study quality. Many of the studies (n−8) included in the review were of high quality as assessed through the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale. Selected study characteristics were further analyzed based on different parameters such as publication year, sample size, study design, methods, motivation, and outcomes. Results Search produced 955 articles and 11 items were ultimately selected to conduct the review. These studies were further characterized as region‐based telemedicine implementation. Out of 11, eight studies were conducted in the urban region and three studies were conducted in the rural areas of Pakistan. Many studies produced evidence on telehealth interventions by smartphone services such as SMS, apps, and web‐based telemedicine. Conclusions Telehealth interventions such as mHealth, eHealth, telemedicine, and telepharmacy in Pakistan were introduced starting from the last two decades. For obtaining the full benefits of these technologies, it is necessary that they but certainly need to become an integral part of Pakistan's current health infrastructure.

Rett Syndrome is an x linked developmental disorder which becomes apparent in females after 6 to 18 months of age. It leads to severe impairments including loss of speech, loss of hand movements/manual dexterity, characteristic hand movements such as hang wringing and intellectual disability/learning problems. This systematic review was carried out to identify the dental manifestation of Rett syndrome and to shed light on treatment options available for oral health problems associated with Rett syndrome. A systematic literature search was conducted on the PubMed, Scopus, Biomed, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholars, Cochrane and CINAHL using the following entries: Rett syndrome (n = 3790), Oral health and Rett syndrome (n = 17), dental health of Rett syndrome patients (n = 13), and the MeSH terms listed below: Rett syndrome and Oral Health (n = 17), Rett syndrome and dentistry (n = 29). The final review included 22 search articles. The most common oral findings was bruxism. Masseteric hypertrophy was also reported. Anterior open bite and non-physiological tooth wear was observed. Other oral manifestations of Rett syndrome included mouth breathing, tongue thrusting, digit/thumb sucking, high arch palate. Increased awareness and dental education amongst dentists and assistants regarding the dental manifestations of Rett syndrome and similar neurodevelopmental disorders is required to improve the level of care and empathy they can provide to these differently able patients. Research on dental aspects of Rett is scarce and this remains a neglected topic.