X-ray
amorphous zeolite precursors, embryonic zeolites, are prepared
using tetrapropylammonium (TPA+) hydroxide as a structure
directing agent. Their physicochemical properties are compared to
those of a highly crystalline zeolite ZSM-5. Embryonic zeolites contain
fewer acid sites, but their micropore volume and S
BET area are higher than crystalline MFI-type material
synthesized with TPA+. They can be introduced in the mesopores
of a shaped silica-doped alumina matrix by two procedures: (i) impregnation
of externally bred embryos and (ii) in situ growth of embryos to prepare
composite catalysts. Their catalytic performances in the dealkylation
of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene, a bulky molecule hardly penetrating
the micropores of most zeolites, are superior to their highly crystalline
ZSM-5 counterpart and the silica-doped alumina support. This is attributed
to the highly accessible active sites of embryonic zeolites, located
in an open microporosity leading to shorter diffusion path lengths.
They offer interesting prospects to process bulky molecules in fields
such as oil refining, petrochemistry, and biomass upgrading.
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