Background: Gestational diabetes is a common pregnancy disorder that affects the mother’s and neonate’s health. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of a health literacy approach to counselling on the lifestyle of women with gestational diabetes. The present randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 2017 using a parallel design. The subjects included 84 eligible women presenting to Alborz and Kamali Hospitals, Karaj, Iran. Methods: Convenience sampling was first used to select the subjects. They were then assigned to an intervention or control group based on randomized blocks of four. Both groups attended counselling sessions. The mothers in the intervention group attended six sessions of counselling with a health literacy approach in addition to counselling on routine pregnancy care. The control group attended counselling sessions on safe pregnancy care and received a training package containing all the subjects discussed in the intervention group. The Lifestyle Questionnaire and the Iranian Health Literacy Questionnaire were completed by the mothers at the beginning and at the end of the sessions as well as three weeks after the sessions. The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS-19. Results: According to the study findings, the scores of lifestyle (P=0.8) and health literacy (P=0.423) showed no significant differences between the intervention and control groups before the intervention. Significant differences were, however, observed in the mean scores of lifestyle and health literacy between the two groups immediately and three weeks after the intervention. Comparing the means showed a higher increase in the mean scores in the intervention group (P<0.001). Conclusions: Providing counselling services by midwives can significantly help modify mothers’ unhealthy lifestyle choices and increase their health literacy; therefore, reducing maternal and neonatal consequences, especially in high-risk pregnancies. Trial registration number: IRCT2017021427728N3 Trial registry: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Trial registration date: 5th April 2017
Background: Communication has a fundamental role in marital life and lack of effective communication is a common compliant of married couples attending counseling and treatment centers. Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the effect of communication skills on marital satisfaction of couples attending premarriage counseling centers. Methods: This parallel interventional study was conducted on 60 couples who attended a premarriage counseling center (Shahid Rast Ravesh) affiliated to Alborz University of Medical Sciences. A simple sampling method was used and samples were allocated into the intervention and control groups using blocks randomization. The intervention group, in addition to the routine trainings, received training on communication skills and sexual relation. The Enrich's marital satisfaction questionnaire was completed by the participants in both groups before, after and two months after the intervention.
Background: Pressures and tensions in everyone’s life can cause a wide range of mental disorders such as anxiety. One of these tensions is the birth of a baby who requires special care, which can cause personal and social problems for the mother if no appropriate measures are taken to help them. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of cognitive-behavioral counseling on anxiety in the mothers of infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Methods: This randomized controlled trial recruited 90 women presenting to Kowsar Hospital in Qazvin in 2016. They were enrolled by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. Eight sessions were held for each group. Beck Anxiety Inventory was filled by mothers at the beginning of intervention, at the end of the eighth session and three weeks after the intervention. The data was analyzed by generalized estimating equations (GEE) method. Results: According to the results, maternal anxiety showed no significant differences between the two groups before intervention (p = 0.408 and p = 0.881). Based on GEE test, the mean score of anxiety was significantly different in the two groups (p = 0.026) immediately and three weeks after the intervention in that it was lower in the intervention group. Friedman test results also confirmed the reducing trend of mean score of anxiety in the three stages (p = 0.000). Conclusions: Counseling has a positive effect on reducing the anxiety of mothers of children with special needs, therefore it can be used to improve their condition.
Introduction: Considering the increase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women and their mental health concerns, the present study aimed at investigating the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy on stress, anxiety, and depression in women with HIV. Material and methods:This randomised clinical trial was conducted on 60 women with HIV who referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital Consultation Centre for clients with risky behaviours in Tehran. The sampling method was census and samples were randomly assigned to two groups: control and intervention. In addition to routine care, the intervention group received six sessions of cognitive-behavioural counselling on mental health. The sampling period lasted from April to August 2017. The questionnaire used in this study was Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21).Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the demographic characteristics in the control and intervention groups. The result of the repeated measurement test showed that the depression, anxiety, and stress in the intervention group changed over time, respectively (p = 0.002), (p = 0.000), (p = 0.04), and there was a significant difference between the two groups, respectively (p = 0.003), (p = 0.000), (p = 0.000). Conclusions:According to the results of this study and considering the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in people with HIV, cognitive behavioural therapy useful for counselling in women with HIV, and we suggest that cognitive behavioural therapy is provided in high risk behaviour counselling centre.
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