. Of these, the clinical background, risk factors, angiographic findings, acute results of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and in-hospital outcomes for 27 young patients <40 (young group), and 338 non-young patients 60≤, <70 years old (non-young group) were retrospectively compared. The young AMI patients were all male. Current smoking, hypercholesterolemia and family history were the most common risk factors in young patients, while hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more prevalent in non-young patients. Young patients had a higher prevalence of single-vessel disease and a lesser incidence of left circumflex coronary artery as a culprit lesion. The young group had high acquisition rates of Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction 3 flow just after primary PCI (95.8%) and no in-hospital deaths, which was not significantly different from the non-young group. Conclusions These results suggest that young AMI patients have different clinical characteristics from those in non-young AMI patients, and acute results of primary PCI and in-hospital prognosis in young AMI patients are comparable to those in non-young AMI patients in Japan. (Circ J 2005; 69: 1454 -1458

SummaryCardiorenal anemia syndrome has recently been receiving greater attention; however, data regarding the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD)/anemia on presentation and in-hospital outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are still limited in Japan.A total of 1,447 primary PCI-treated AMI patients were classified into 4 groups according to the presence of CKD and/or anemia on hospital admission (with CKD/with anemia n = 222, with CKD/without anemia n = 299, without CKD/with anemia n = 151, without CKD/without anemia n = 775). Angiographic acute results of primary PCI were similar among the 4 groups. The patients with CKD had a significantly higher in-hospital overall mortality rate than the patients without CKD, and in the presence or absence of CKD, patients with anemia tended to have a higher in-hospital mortality rate than the patients without anemia. According to a multivariate analysis, anemia on admission was found to be an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality, whereas admission CKD and admission eGFR were statistically not independent predictors. Moreover, the multivariable adjusted odds ratio of in-hospital death in AMI patients with CKD alone was 1.855 (95% CI 0.929-3.706), and that in AMI patients with CKD/with anemia was 3.384 (95% CI 1.697-6.748).These results suggest that among real-world, unselected Japanese AMI patients undergoing primary PCI, the combination of CKD and anemia on admission confers significant adverse effects on in-hospital mortality. (Int Heart J 2014; 55: 301-306)

rimary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is now established as a first-line therapeutic strategy for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Several reports from the US and France regarding patients undergoing primary PCI have demonstrated an inverse relationship between the hospital volume of primary PCI and in-hospital mortality. [1][2][3][4] According to the guidelines for PCI published by the American Heart Association (AHA), the American College of Cardiology (ACC), and the Circulation Journal Vol.72, July 2008Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) in 2005, primary PCI for ST-segment elevation AMI should be performed in centers with an annual volume of at least 400 elective and 36 primary PCI procedures. 5 In contrast, another recent report from Tsuchihashi et al demonstrated that low-volume hospitals and high-volume hospitals had similar in-hospital outcomes for primary PCI. 6 However, detailed data on the relationships among hospital primary PCI volume, angiographic results, and in-hospital prognosis are still lacking in Japan. It is also uncertain whether the AHA/ACC/SCAI guidelines for primary PCI are appropriate in Japan. The AMI-Kyoto Multi-Center Risk Study, a large multicenter observational study in which 16 collaborating hospitals in Kyoto Prefecture collected demographic, procedural, and outcome data on AMI patients, was established in 2000 in order to analyze such data and establish an emergency-hospital network for heart diseases in Kyoto. [7][8][9] The purpose of the present study was to compare angiographic results and in-hospital outcomes in AMI patients undergoing primary PCI at low-volume hospitals with those at high-volume hospitals, using data from the AMI-Kyoto Multi-Center Risk Study. Background Several clinical studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between hospital volume of primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and in-hospital mortality. However, the relationships among hospital primary PCI volume, angiographic results, and in-hospital prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been fully investigated in Japan. Methods and ResultsUsing the AMI-Kyoto Multi-Center Risk Study database between January 2000 and December 2005, hospitals were classified into quintiles based on their annual volume of primary PCI. The fifth quintile of hospitals was labeled as high-volume, and the other quintiles were combined and defined as lowvolume. Although patients undergoing primary PCI in high-volume hospitals (high-volume group, n=764) had a larger number of diseased vessels at initial coronary angiography and lower Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade in the infarct-related artery before PCI, compared with those in low-volume hospitals (low-volume group, n=1,021), the rates of achieving TIMI flow grade 3 just after PCI in the high-volume group was significantly higher than that in the low-volume group. The overall in-hospital mortality did not differ between the 2 groups. On multivariate anal...

besity is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) among adults 1 and is increasing in prevalence among young adults, as well as adults. 2,3 A recent report indicated a significant association of obesity with coronary atherosclerosis in young male adults, particularly in those with a central pattern of adiposity, and little association of obesity with coronary atherosclerosis in young female adults. 4 Still another recent report points out that adiposity and its metabolic disturbances (ie, metabolic syndrome) are associated with early atherosclerotic change in adolescents. 5 Recently we demonstrated that young Japanese patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a higher body mass index (BMI) compared with older patients, 6 but it remains uncertain whether obesity is a CHD Circulation Journal Vol. 70, December 2006 risk factor in young adults as well as older adults in Japan.The AMI-Kyoto Multi-Center Risk Study, a large multicenter observational study in which 16 collaborating hospitals in Kyoto Prefecture have collected demographic, procedural, and outcome data on AMI patients, was established in 2000 in order to analyze these data and establish an emergency-hospital network for heart diseases in Kyoto. 6,7 The Kyoto Citizen's Health and Nutrition Study was performed among residents in Kyoto Prefecture, in order to examine behavior and lifestyle habits and develop effective public health intervention. 8,9 In the present study we used cases from the AMI-Kyoto Multi-Center Risk Study, and controls from the Kyoto Citizen's Health and Nutrition Study, respectively, to assess obesity as a risk factor for AMI in subgroups of 20-year age bands of each gender separately, based on a multi-center case -control study. Methods Case and Control SubjectsFrom January 2000 to June 2004, 1,651 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of AMI, who were admitted to AMIKyoto Multi-Center Risk Study Group Hospitals within 1 week after the onset of AMI, were enrolled in the present Background It remains uncertain whether obesity is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease in young adults, as well as adults, in Japan. Methods and ResultsIn the present study, 1,260 cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 3,775 community controls were recruited from the AMI-Kyoto Multi-Center Risk Study and Kyoto Citizen's Health and Nutrition Study, respectively. Obesity and other risk factors were retrospectively examined between cases and controls in each subgroup of young males (20-40 years), middle-aged males or females (40-60 years), older males or females (60-80 years), and very old males or females (80-100 years). In young, middle-aged, and older males, as well as in older females, cases had a higher body mass index (BMI) than controls. In young males, as well as in middle-aged and older females, cases had a higher prevalence of smoking than controls. Except for very old males, the prevalences of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were higher in each subgroup of cases than in controls. M...

These results suggest that admission SBP 141-158 mmHg might be correlated with better in-hospital prognosis, whereas admission SBP<105 mmHg was associated with in-hospital death in Japanese AMI patients undergoing primary PCI.