A comparative investigation in the cell performance of Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cell has been reported. The main objective behind our work is to present the effect of the doping concentration on each layer i.e. window layer (ZnO), buffer layer (CdS) and absorption layer (CIGS) in the CIGS solar cell to find out the optimum doping concentration using ADEPT 2.0, a 1D simulation software. The device parameters are optimized separately for each layer. Energy conversion efficiency is calculated from light J-V characteristics curve. A total-area efficiency of 19•75% for ZnO:Al/i-ZnO/CdS/CIGS based thin-film solar cells has been reported.
In this research paper, an automatic solar tracker based on gear system is designed and developed. The solar tracker follows the sun from east to west during the day. Driving software has been developed using FLOWCODE and then it is burnt into the microcontroller (PIC 16F72). An intelligent sensor board followed by a sensor circuit has been used to sense the position of the sun.The system has been programmed to detect the intensity of sunlight by a differential arrangement of two LDRs and subsequently actuate the motor to position the solar panel where it can receive maximum sunlight. The solar tracking system is a mechatronic system that integrates electrical and mechanical systems and computer hardware & software. The driving gear system and the structure of the PV module have been developed by using the locally available materials.In our research, the efficiency of this automatic solar tracker is 15% higher than the conventional tracker because of the designing automatic solar tracker and has got it successfully.This reveals that our system is compatible with the additional energy production.
-In this study the total atomic cross-section (σ a ), total electronic cross-section (σ e ), effective atomic number (Z eff ) and effective electron density (N eff ) of locally developed ilmenite-magnetite (I-M) concrete were calculated analytically for different photon energies from 1 keV to 20 MeV and compared with concretes of different densities and compositions. The effect of Z eff on the mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ, σ a , σ e ) is shown graphically. The values of σ a , σ e , Z eff and N eff of I-M concrete were found to be higher than those of the ordinary concretes and in some cases than those of heavy concretes, which proved I-M concrete's shielding effectiveness. The results of this study will provide some useful information for a shielding material database for practical shielding calculation.
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