No abstract

No abstract

We report the first outbreak of nosocomial orf infection in a hospital burn unit in Gaziantep, Turkey. The outbreak lasted from October to December 2012 and involved a total of thirteen cases. It demonstrates the risk of introduction of orf virus to a burn unit, and the potential for extensive transmission among patients with compromised skin integrity. The importance of hygiene measures and infection control are highlighted and possible transmission routes of the virus discussed.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of vitamin D status and vitamin D replacement therapy with glycemic control, serum uric acid (SUA) levels, and microalbuminuria (MAU) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Subjectsand Methods: A total of 1,463 patients with T2DM and CKD (aged 14-88 years), 927 females and 536 males, were included in this study. The serum data of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, i.e., 25(OH)D, level, SUA, hemoglobin (Hb)A1_c, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were obtained from the medical records. The Mann-Whitney U test, the χ² test, the Mantel-Haenszel test, and linear regression models were used for data analysis. Results: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were evident in 770 (52.0%) and 357 (24.0%) patients, respectively. Median HbA1_c levels (7.3 [IQR 3.9] vs. 6.5 [IQR 2.3]%; p < 0.01) were significantly higher in patients deficient in vitamin D than in those with a normal vitamin D status. A significantly low level of vitamin D was noted with a high UACR (β −0.01; 95% CI −0.01 to −0.001; p = 0.017) and HbA1_c (β −1.1; 95% CI −1.6 to −0.6; p < 0.001), but with low levels of SUA (β 1.3; 95% CI 0.5-2.2; p = 0.002). Vitamin D replacement was associated with a significantly low level of HbA1_c (7.4 [2.7] vs. 6.7 [1.9]%; p < 0.001]. Conclusion: In this study, there was a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among T2DM patients with CKD, with a higher UACR, higher HbA1_c, and lower SUA being noted as playing a role in predicting a decrease in vitamin D levels and potential benefits of vitamin D replacement therapy on glycemic control in T2DM management.

No abstract