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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a phenotype caused by the interaction of host intrinsic factors such as genetics and gut microbiome, and extrinsic factors such as diet and lifestyle. To demonstrate the interplay of intestinal microbiota with obesity, MetS markers, and some dietary ingredients among samples of Egyptian women. This study was a cross-sectional one that included 115 Egyptian women; 82 were obese (59 without MetS and 23 with MetS) and 33 were normal weight. All participants were subjected to anthropometric assessment, 24 h dietary recall, laboratory evaluation of liver enzymes (AST and ALT), leptin, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profile, in addition to fecal microbiota analysis for Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroid. Data showed that the obese women with MetS had the highest significant values of the anthropometric and the biochemical parameters. Obese MetS women consumed a diet high in calories, protein, fat, and carbohydrate, and low in fiber and micronutrients. The Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the abundant bacteria among the different gut microbiota, with low Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and insignificant differences between the obese with and without MetS and normal weight women were reported. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio significantly correlated positively with total cholesterol and LDL-C and negatively with SCFA among obese women with MetS. Findings of this study revealed that dietary factors, dysbiosis, and the metabolic product short chain fatty acids have been implicated in causing metabolic defects.

Background Psoriasis is a chronic, immune‐related disorder; inflammation, higher rate of epidermal proliferation, and angiogenesis are the main pathognomonic features. Cluster of differentiation 93 (CD93), an angiogenic element, plays a role in cell adhesion regulation and has a putative function in inflammation. Objective To assess CD93 immunohistochemical expression in psoriatic skin and the association of CD93 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2749817 to disease pathogenesis and severity. Methods This case‐control study was done on 50 patients with psoriasis vulgaris beside 50 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Assessment of psoriasis severity was done by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score. 3 mm punch skin biopsies were taken from every participant, and hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining for CD93 antibody were done. Assessment of CD93 rs2749817 gene polymorphism by the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay technique (real‐time PCR) was done. Results Immunohistochemical expression of CD93 showed membrano‐cytoplasmic localization in both endothelial and inflammatory cells of cases and controls with significant more positivity in dermal endothelial and inflammatory cells of cases than controls (p = 0.001 and 0.014 respectively). Strong intensity was present in 18 of cases endothelial cells and 24 inflammatory cells with absence in controls (p =  0.001 for both) with significantly higher H‐score and higher percent of positive cells (p  =  0.001 for both). The TC genotype was lower in patients compared to control (p‐value = 0.006) and CC genotype which was present only in cases (p‐value = 0.021). Conclusion Cluster of differentiation 93 has an essential role in psoriasis and an encouraging future therapy for psoriasis.

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