BackgroundSolitary fibrous tumor is an uncommon spindle cell neoplasm of unknown origin. It has been reported in many anatomic sites, with a rare occurrence in the head and neck region. Solitary fibrous tumors of the parotid gland are exceptional; their clinical and radiologic features are non specific, often mimicking more common salivary gland tumors. Pathologic examination and immunohistochemistry are required to make the correct diagnosis. The prognosis is favorable, with most tumors being benign, and complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice.Case presentationWe report the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with a painless mass involving the parotid gland. A parotidectomy was performed, and follow up was unremarkable. Gross examination showed a well circumscribed, firm tumor measuring 3,4 cm. Histologically, the tumor was composed of a spindle cell proliferation of variable cellularity, with staghorn vessels. A panel of immunohistochemical stains was performed, and confirmed the diagnosis of parotid gland solitary fibrous tumor.ConclusionIn this report we aim to increase awareness of this rare entity among clinicians and pathologists, and to emphasize the role of immunohistochemistry in confirming the diagnosis.

BackgroundThe frequency of occurrence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has been increasing globally over the last two decades. In Morocco, EPTB cases account for 46% of the patients reported with a new episode of tuberculosis (TB). Lymph node TB (LNTB) is the most common form of EPTB. In line with the guidelines of the National TB Program, the diagnosis is mainly based on clinical evidence, including histopathology.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the yield of histopathology testing in the diagnosis of LNTB.MethodsThis cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted among patients with cervical lymph node who were enrolled in the study from November 2016 to May 2017 in three regions of Morocco. We compared the outcomes of histopathological testing with those of bacteriology. Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of histopathology testing were calculated. Culture and Xpert tests were used as the gold standard Laboratoty Testing.ResultsA total of 262 patients were enrolled in this study. The Se, Sp, PPV, and NPV of histopathology testing were 95.6% (129/135), 64.6% (82/127), 74.1% (129/174), and 93.2% (82/88), respectively, in the presence of granuloma with or without caseous necrosis and were 84.4% (114/135), 74.8% (95/127), 78.1% (114/146), and 81.9% (95/116), respectively, in the presence of granuloma with caseous necrosis. The granuloma with caseous necrosis was associated with increased PPV and Sp of histopathology testing (P<.05).ConclusionsThe presence of the granuloma with caseous necrosis in the histopathological examination had significantly improved the yield of histopathology testing for the diagnosis of LNTB. The findings recommend to maintain histopathology testing in establishing the LNTB diagnosis and to explore other techniques to improve it.

Introduction: The emergence of new omics approaches, such as genomic algorithms to identify tumor mutations and molecular modeling tools to predict the three-dimensional structure of proteins, has facilitated the understanding of the dynamic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of low-grade gliomas including oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas. Methods: In this study, we targeted known mutations involved in low-grade gliomas, starting with the sequencing of genomic regions encompassing exon 4 of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 ( IDH1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 ( IDH2) and the four exons (5-6 and 7-8) of TP53 from 32 samples, followed by computational analysis to study the impact of these mutations on the structure and function of 3 proteins IDH1, IDH2, and p53. Results: We obtain a mutation that has an effect on the catalytic site of the protein IDH1 as R132H and on the catalytic site of the protein IDH2 as R172M. Other mutations at p53 have been identified as K305N, which is a pathogenic mutation; R175 H, which is a benign mutation; and R158G, which disrupts the structural conformation of the tumor suppressor protein. Conclusion: In low-grade gliomas, mutations in IDH1, IDH2, and TP53 may be the key to tumor progression because they have an effect on the function of the protein such as mutations R132H in IDH1 and R172M in IDH2, which change the function of the enzyme alpha-ketoglutarate, or R158G in TP53, which affects the structure of the generated protein, thus their importance in understanding gliomagenesis and for more accurate diagnosis complementary to the anatomical pathology tests.

Introduction: Many studies have indicated a causal relationship between genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genotypes of six high-risk oncogenic human papillomaviruses in cervical lesions from Moroccan women with normal and abnormal cytology. Methodology: The study included 938 women from the Children's and Mothers' Pathology Department of Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat. Cytopathology examination was done by routine PAP smear testing. HPV DNA testing was conducted using DNA amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction with subsequent typing by hybridization with specific probes for HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 and 45. Results: Cytopathology testing showed that only 16.3 % had an abnormal cytology, with a predominance of atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) cases. The overall HPV prevalence was 15.7%. According to the cytology results, HPV infection was detected in 15.8% of normal and 14.38% of abnormal cases. Specific HPV genotyping showed a predominance of HPV 16 and 18. Double infection (HPV 16 + 18) was found in two cases whereas multiple infections (HPV 16+18+31) were detected in only one case. Evaluation of the relationship between HPV status and some environmental risk factors, including individual, socio-economic, and hygiene status, showed a significant association between HPV infection and oral contraceptive use. Conclusion: Based on these data, a combination of cytology and HPV DNA testing allows for identification of patients with a high risk of developing high-grade cervical lesions and improves cervical cancer prevention.

Introduction Glioblastomas are aggressive primary intracranial tumours of the central nervous system causing significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Objective This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of tissue expression by immunostaining of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), and tumour protein p53 in glioblastoma in Moroccan patients. The association of HIF-1α, IDH1, and p53 expression with the clinicopathological data and overall patient survival (OS) was also evaluated. Materials and methods Confirmed glioblastomas were included in this study. Twenty-two tissue samples were obtained by neurosurgical intervention resulting from total resection, and subtotal resection or biopsy. Karnofsky index, histological type of tumour, and the status of IDH1, p53 protein, and HIF-1α expression by immunostaining were reported. Results The majority of the patients were males (64%) with a sex ratio of 1.75. The average age was 54 ± 13. Median follow-up was 10.10 months and median overall survival was 10 months. The expression of HIF-1α was high in 10 samples (45%) and low in 12 (55%). There was a statistically significant difference in OS of 85% at 12 months for the subgroup of patients “HIF-1α negative IDH1 positive” p = 0.038, the unadjusted analysis showed that the group “HIF-1α positive, IDH1 positive” was a poor prognostic factor, the HR was 0.08 (95% CI: 0.009–0.756, p = 0.027). Conclusion Patients with negative HIF-1α expression and positive IDH1 expression have a better prognosis, suggesting that these two biomarkers may be useful in the search for new approaches for targeted therapy in glioblastoma.