Background: Clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy remain limited and fragmented. Objectives: To summarize the existing literature on COVID-19 infection during pregnancy and childbirth, particularly concerning clinical presentation and outcomes. Search strategy: A systematic search of LitCovid, EBSCO MEDLINE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus electronic databases. The references of relevant studies were also searched.Selection criteria: Identified titles and abstracts were screened to select original reports and cross-checked for overlap of cases. Data collection and analysis:A descriptive summary organized by aspects of clinical presentations (symptoms, imaging, and laboratory) and outcomes (maternal and perinatal). Main results:We identified 33 studies reporting 385 pregnant women with COVID-19 infection: 368 (95.6%) mild; 14 (3.6%) severe; and 3 (0.8%) critical. Seventeen women were admitted to intensive care, including six who were mechanically ventilated and one maternal mortality. A total of 252 women gave birth, comprising 175 (69.4%) cesarean and 77 (30.6%) vaginal births. Outcomes for 256 newborns included four RT-PCR positive neonates, two stillbirths, and one neonatal death.

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STUDY QUESTION What is the scope of literature regarding women’s reproductive span in terms of definitions, trends, determinants? SUMMARY ANSWER The scoping review showed a wide variation in definitions, trends, and determinants of biological, social and effective women’s reproductive span. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Women’s reproductive span refers to a woman’s childbearing years. This influences women’s reproductive decisions. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A systematic scoping review was conducted. We searched MEDLINE, Pubmed, JSTOR, CINAHL, Web of Science and Scopus electronic databases from inception to January 2021 without imposing language or date restrictions. We searched unpublished sources including the Global Burden of Disease, Demographic and Health Surveys, and National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The list of relevant references was searched by hand. Sixty- seven reports on woman’s reproductive span were included in this review. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS This scoping systematic review followed a previously published framework and guidelines. The reporting of this scoping review followed the reporting guidance provided in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, Extension for Scoping Reviews. Identified records were independently screened and data were extracted. We performed conceptual synthesis by grouping the studies by available concepts of reproductive span and then summarized definitions, measures used, temporal trends, determinants, and broad findings of implications on demographics and assisted reproduction. Structured tabulation and graphical synthesis were used to show patterns in the data and convey detailed information efficiently, along with narrative commentary MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The relevant 67 reports on woman’s reproductive span were published between 1980 and 2020 from 74 countries. Most reports (42/67) were cross-sectional in design. Literature on reproductive span was conceptually grouped as biological (the interval between age at menarche and age at menopause), effective (when a woman is both fertile and engaging in sexual activity), and social (period of exposure to sexual activity). We summarized the working definitions, trends, and determinants of each concept. Few articles addressed implications on demographics and assisted reproduction. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION A formal assessment of methodological quality of the included studies was not performed because the aim of this review was to provide an overview of the existing evidence base regardless of quality. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The review produced a comprehensive list of possible definitions of women’s reproductive spans. This list can be used in a subsequent Delphi exercise aiming to ask a broad spectrum of relevant stakeholders to rate the importance of each definition in relation to demography and fertility care. This data will then help inform a consensus meeting in which a selected group of editors will collaborate to outline a set of core definitions, identify implications for policy, practice or research, and define future research opportunities to explore linkages between reproductive spans and need for assisted reproduction STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work received funding from the UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), a cosponsored programme executed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The authors had no competing interests. STUDY REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A

BackgroundThe predicament of achieving optimal surgical intervention faced by surgeons in treating ovarian cancer has driven research into improving intra-operative detection of cancer using fluorescent materials.ObjectiveTo provide a literature overview on the clinical use of intra-operative fluorescence-guided surgery for ovarian cancer, either for cytoreductive surgery or sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy.MethodsThe systematic review included studies from June 2002 until October 2021 from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus as well as those from a search of related literature. Studies were included if they investigated the use of fluorescence-guided surgery in patients with a diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Authors charted variables related to study characteristics, patient demographics, baseline clinical characteristics, fluorescence-guided surgery material, and treatment details, and surgical, oncological, and survival outcome variables. After screening 2817 potential studies, 24 studies were included.ResultsStudies investigating the role of fluorescence-guided surgery to visualize tumor deposits or SLN biopsy included the data of 410 and 118 patients, respectively. Six studies used indocyanine green tracer with a mean SLN detection rate of 92.3% with a pelvic and para-aortic detection rate of 94.8% and 96.7%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for micrometastases detection of OTL38 and 5-aminolevulinc acid at time of cytoreduction were 92.2% vs 79.8%, 67.3% vs 94.8%, and 55.8% vs 95.8%, respectively.ConclusionFluorescence -guided surgery is a technique that may improve the detection rate of micrometastases and SLN identification in ovarian cancer. Further research is needed to establish whether this will lead to improved patient outcomes.

The risk of undertreating occult endometrial cancer is a problem faced by gynecologists when treating endometrial hyperplasia. The objective of this study is to highlight diagnostic adjuncts to endometrial sampling techniques to improve preoperative detection of co‐existing cancer. A systematic search of databases till July 2021: PubMed, ISI‐Clarivate Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL. A search of the related literature was also carried out. Two authors screened potential studies. Studies were included if they examined the diagnostic performance of any predictors of concurrent cancer in patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia. Authors charted variables related to literature characteristics (e.g., authors, year of publication), population characteristics (e.g., preoperative diagnoses), and variables related to our research questions (e.g., postoperative diagnoses, risk predictors). After screening 591 potential studies, 28 studies were included. Studies included the data of 7409 endometrial hyperplasia patients with 2377 concurrent endometrial cancer cases (32.1%). Forty potential predictors of concurrent cancer were investigated. We examined three categories of potential predictors: clinical (22 studies), histopathologic/imaging (16 studies), and molecular (six studies) predictors. The proposed predictors, age, menopausal status, diabetes, WHO and endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia histopathologic criteria, pelvic magnetic resonance imaging, and molecular profiling are promising diagnostic adjuncts.