The diagnosis of neurenteric cysts was confirmed by demonstrating mucin-producing cuboidal or columnar epithelium lining the cystic cavity.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), part of the spectrum of autoimmune thyroid diseases is a major cause of thyroid hypofunction worldwide. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most prevalent of all thyroid carcinomas has been associated with HT. Literature on this association are based on preoperative FNA or post thyroidectomy histopathology reports, which are subject to potential biases. Molecular, hormonal and histopathalogical basis of this association has been hypothesized, however a definite causal association has not been proved till date. This review aims to study the basis of this association and clinical features and management of HT concurrent with PTC. There are no distinctive clinical or radiological features that categorically differentiates HT concurrent with PTC from PTC or which can pick up a nodule harboring PTC in setting of HT. Smaller nodule size and radiological features like hypoechogenecity; hyper vascularity and calcification in a clinical setting of hypothyroidism have a higher odds ratio for malignancy and merit further investigations. PTC associated with HT has been seen to be less aggressive with earlier presentation with lesser chances of extra thyroidal extension and lymph nodal metastasis. The management and follow up of PTC in HT is no different from that of PTC alone. The prognosis of PTC concurrent with HT is better compared to age and stage matched PTC in terms of lower recurrence and disease free and overall survival.

Haemorrhage in the wall of a brain abscess is rare and may falsely suggest a neoplasm on MRI. We describe two cases of haemorrhage in the wall of a brain abscess and discuss the role of in vivo proton MRS in the diagnosis and management.

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) are a group of genetically mediated neurodegenerative disorders affecting children and young adults. They are characterized by global mental and motor deterioration, vision loss, and epilepsy ultimately resulting in death. Of the various types, late infantile variety is the 2nd most common form of NCL. Here the authors report a case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with progressive mental and social deterioration since the age of 2½ years. As the disease progressed, he developed progressive vision loss, gait ataxia, action myoclonus, and epilepsy. Electroencephalogram revealed generalized sharp and slow wave discharges with background slowing. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy markedly affecting the cerebellum along with periventricular T2 hyperintensities. Skin biopsy from axilla revealed characteristic intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions and periodic acid Schiff positive bodies within the eccrine ducts suggestive of NCL.