Group-specific component (GC), transferrin (TF) and α-1-antitrypsin (PI) polymorphisms have been studied in the Basque population of Alava. The following gene frequencies were found: GC*1S = 0.525, GC*1F = 0.109, GC*2 = 0.366; TF*C1 = 0.793, TFC*2 = 0.171, TF*C3 = 0.032, TF*B = 0.003; PI*M1 = 0.611, PI*M2 = 0.164, PI*M3 = 0.101, PI*M4 = 0.019, PI*S = 0.101, PI*T = 0.003, PI*Z = 0.002. These results show that there is heterogeneity within the Basque population. In comparison with other populations from the Iberian Peninsula, the Basques from Alava show significant differences only for the PI system.

Allele and genotype frequencies for three short tandem repeat loci were determined in a population sample from Catalonia (NE Spain). After denaturing PAGE electrophoresis, 11 alleles were identified for D12S391 (n = 167), 9 alleles for CSF1pO (n = 282) and 6 alleles for TPOX (n = 283). No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found. The allele frequencies observed are similar to those of other compared European populations.

Haplotype frequencies for eight Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci were determined in paragraph signa population sample from Barcelona (NE Spain). After PCR amplification and denaturing PAGE electrophoresis, DYS19, DYS388, DYS389 I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392 and DYS393 loci were typed. Complete eight paragraph signY-chromosomal STRs haplotypes could be formed for 223 subjects, among which 137 different haplotypes were observed. The most common haplotype was shared by 13% of the sample, while 108 haplotypes were unique. The discrimination capacity was 61.5% and the gene diversity was 0.978. From the forensic point of view the combined polymorphisms provide a high diagnostic efficiency.

Allele frequencies for four short tandem repeat loci were determined in a population sample from Catalonia (NE Spain). After denaturing PAGE electrophoresis, 8 alleles were identified for D3S1358 (n = 201), 10 alleles for D8S1179 (n = 198), 13 alleles for D18S51 (n = 197) and 11 alleles for D19S253 (n = 201). No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found. Complete and relative uniformity in Caucasoid populations has been observed for D18S51 and D8S1179 respectively. Pronounced differences were found between different ethnic groups for both systems. Catalonia and Portugal do not differ for D3S1358 locus. Multiplex PCR amplifications of three loci (D3S1358, D18S51 and D19S253) without overlapping fragment size ranges could be interesting for monochrome automated laser fluorescence devices.

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