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Background Hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HF-MSCs) have great potential for cell therapy. Traditional method to isolate whisker HF-MSC is time-consuming and few in cell numbers. How to quickly and conveniently obtain a large number of HF-MSC for experimental research is a problem worth exploring. Methods Two-step Ficoll Density Gradient Sedimentation (FDGS) was performed to isolate pelage HF-MSC from adult mice. The characteristic of the isolated cells was identified and compared with whisker HF-MSC by immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, three-lineage differentiation and hair follicle reconstruction. Pelage HF-MSC and exosomes were injected into the dorsal skin of mice as well as hair follicle organ culture to explore its role in promoting hair growth. The cells and exosomes distribution were located by immunofluorescence staining. Results Isolated pelage HF-MSC expressed similar markers (ALP, Versican, NCAM, Nestin), showed similar growth pattern, possessed similar mesenchymal stem cells function and hair follicle induction ability as whisker HF-MSC. A large number of cells can be obtained with fewer mice compared to traditional method. Injected pelage HF-MSC promoted hair growth by secreting exosomes. Conclusion A large number of Pelage HF-MSC can be isolated by FDGS, which can promote hair growth by secreting exosomes which may target the dermal papilla and hair matrix region of host hair follicle.

Background: Hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells(HF-MSC) has great potential for cell therapy. Traditional method to isolate whisker HF-MSC is time consuming and few in cell numbers. How to quickly and conveniently obtain a large number of HF-MSC for experimental research is a problem worth exploring.Methods: Two steps Ficoll Density Gradient Sedimentation(FDGS) were performed to isolated pelage HF-MSC from adult mice. The characteristic of the isolated cells were identified and compared with whisker HF-MSC by immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, three-lineage differentiation and hair follicle reconstruction. Pelage HF-MSC were injected into the dorsal skin of mice to explore its role in promoting hair growth. The cells and exosomes distribution were located by immunofluorescence staining.Results: Isolated pelage HF-MSC expressed similar markers (ALP, Versican, NCAM, Nestin), showed similar growth pattern, possessed similar mesenchymal stem cells function and hair follicle induction ability as whisker HF-MSC. A large number of cells can be obtained with fewer mice compared to tranditional method. Pelage HF-MSC injection can promote hair growth. Pelage HF-MSC were distributed surround the host hair follicle, secreting exosomes that integrated into host hair follicle and located in dermal papillae and hair matrix region. Conclusion: A large number of Pelage HF-MSC can be isolated by FDGS, which can promote hair growth by secreting exosomes which targeted the dermal papilla and hair matrix region of host hair follicle.