A produção de mudas de espécies florestais nativas visa a atender aos plantios, principalmente para fins ambientais, tais como a recuperação de áreas degradadas. Para intensificar os conhecimentos sobre espécies com potencial de recuperação de áreas degradadas, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a utilização de diferentes substratos no crescimento de mudas de Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. Os tratamentos foram formulados utilizando-se lodo de esgoto, fibra de coco, vermiculita e casca de arroz in natura, além do substrato comercial. As mudas foram produzidas em tubetes com capacidade para 120 cm 3. O estudo foi constituído de 14 tratamentos, com cinco repetições de cinco mudas cada, totalizando 25 plantas cada tratamento. Após 150 dias da semeadura, foram avaliadas as seguintes características nas mudas: altura; diâmetro do coleto; relação entre a altura da parte aérea e o diâmetro do coleto; massa seca da parte aérea; massa seca do sistema radicular; massa seca total; relação entre a massa seca da parte aérea e a massa seca do sistema radicular, e índice de qualidade de Dickson. Os tratamentos que continham lodo de esgoto e vermiculita em sua composição, sobretudo o tratamento T6 (60% lodo de esgoto + 40% vermiculita), proporcionaram o melhor crescimento das características morfológicas das mudas de Sesbania virgata.
RESUMOO presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a produção de mudas de Mimosa setosa a partir do uso de diferentes combinações de substratos, sendo eles: esterco bovino, cama de frango, esterco de codorna e substrato comercial. O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro Florestal do Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, sendo montado em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC). Quando as mudas atingiram cinco meses após a semeadura foram mensurados: altura (H), diâmetro do coleto (D), relação altura/diâmetro (RHD), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca do sistema radicular (MSR), massa seca total (MST) e relação entre massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca do sistema radicular (RMSPAR), além do índice de qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Constatou-se que para a produção de mudas de Mimosa setosa recomenda-se a formulação constituída de 25% de substrato comercial + 35% de cama de frango + 40 de terra de subsolo, sendo essa a que proporcionou as melhores médias nas características morfológicas altura, diâmetro do coleto, relação altura/diâmetro, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca do sistema radicular e massa seca total. Palavras-chave: Mimosa setosa; resíduos orgânicos; características morfológicas; produção de mudas florestais. ABSTRACTThe present study aimed to evaluate the production of seedlings of Mimosa setosa from the use of different combinations of substrates, namely, cattle manure, poultry litter, quail manure and commercial substrate. The experiment was conducted in the Nursery Center for Agricultural Sciences, at the Federal University of Espírito Santo state, and mounted in a completely randomized design (CRD). When the seedlings reached five months after sowing, the following characteristics were measured: total height, collar diameter, plant height/collar diameter ratio, dry mass of shoot, dry mass of root, total dry mass and dry mass ratio of shoot/ root dry mass, along with the Dickson quality index (IQD). It was found that, for the production of seedlings of Mimosa setosa, it is recommended a formulation consisted by 25% of commercial substrate + 35% of poultry litter + 40% of subsoil, having this one the best averages in morphological characteristics total height, collar diameter, plant height/collar diameter ratio, dry mass of shoot, dry mass of root and total dry mass.
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major constraint in highly weathered tropical soils. Although phosphorous rock reserves may last for several hundred years, there exists an urgent need to research efficient P management for sustainable agriculture. Plant hormones play an important role in regulating plant growth, development, and reproduction. Humic substances (HS) are not only considered an essential component of soil organic carbon (SOC), but also well known as a biostimulant which can perform phytohormone-like activities to induce nutrient uptake. This review paper presents an overview of the scientific outputs in the relationship between HS and plant hormones. Special attention will be paid to the interaction between HS and plant hormones for nutrient uptake under P-deficient conditions.
ResumoO presente estudo teve como objetivo testar a utilização de lodo de esgoto e resíduos orgânicos na composição de substratos para a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. O experimento foi conduzido no Viveiro Florestal do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da UFES, em Alegre, ES, constituindo-se de delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis repetições e 10 tratamentos: 100% LE, 80% LE + 20% FC, 60% LE + 40% FC, 40% LE + 60% FC, 20% LE + 80% FC, 80% LE + 20% PCN, 60% LE + 40% PCN, 40% LE + 60% PCN, 20% LE + 80% PCN, e uma testemunha 100% SC. Foram realizadas análises químicas e físicas dos tratamentos e aos 90 dias após a semeadura determinaram-se as características morfológicas das plantas. Os resultados indicaram que a densidade aparente, a porosidade total, a macro e microporosidade, o pH, a disponibilidade de água, K, P, Ca, Mg e sais solúveis foram influenciados pela maior ou menor proporção de lodo de esgoto, fibra de coco ou palha de café in natura. O tratamento 80% LE + 20% PCN apresentou os maiores valores de altura, diâmetro do coleto, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca radicular e massa seca total. Palavras-chave: Biossólido; fibras vegetais; eucalipto; características morfológicas. Abstract Growth of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis using sewage sludge, coconut fiber and straw of coffee in natura.The present study aimed to test the use of sewage sludge and organic waste in substrate composition for the production of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden. The experiment was conducted at the Forest Nursery Center for Agricultural Sciences UFES in Alegre, ES. It was developed in completely randomized design with six replications and 10 treatments 100% LE, 80% LE + 20% FC, 60% LE + 40% FC, 40% LE + 60% FC, 20% LE + 80% FC, 80% LE + 20% PCN, 60% LE + 40% PCN, 40% LE + 60% PCN, 20% LE + 80% PCN, and a witness 100 % SC. Analyses of chemical and physical treatments, and at 90 days after sowing we determined the morphological characteristics of the plants. The results indicated that bulk density, total porosity, macro and microporosity, pH, availability of water, K, P, Ca, Mg, and soluble salts were influenced by a greater or lesser proportion of sewage sludge, coir straw or fresh coffee. Treatment 80 % LE +20 % PCN presented the highest values of height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass and total dry mass.
The objective of this work was to understand the relationship between decomposition of leaf litter and climatic elements and determine the mineralization of nutrients in the decomposition process in a fragment of Semideciduous Submontane Forest, located in southern state of of Espírito Santo. Overall, 84 litterbags were deposited in 12 permanent plots, collecting one litterbag per plot for 30, 60, 90, 150, 210, 270 and 360 days after the beginning of the experiment. The leaf material remaining in the litterbag was oven-dried and weighed, with later analysis of nutritional compounds. The leaf litter decomposition rate was 1.42, 75.95% of decomposing litter at the end of the evaluation period. Mineralization occurred in the following order: K, C org. , Mg, S, P, N and Ca. There was a positive correlation of average and minimum air temperature, as well as accumulated precipitation and leaf litter decomposition .
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