Differentiated thyroid carcinomas is associated with an excellent prognosis. The treatment of choice for differentiated thyroid carcinoma is surgery, followed by radioactive iodine ablation (iodine-131) in select patients and thyroxine therapy in most patients. Surgery is also the main treatment for medullary thyroid carcinoma, and kinase inhibitors may be appropriate for select patients with recurrent or persistent disease that is not resectable. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is almost uniformly lethal, and iodine-131 imaging and radioactive iodine cannot be used. When systemic therapy is indicated, targeted therapy options are preferred. This article describes NCCN recommendations regarding management of medullary thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, and surgical management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (papillary, follicular, Hürthle cell carcinoma).

Although palatomaxillary reconstruction with vascularized bone-containing free flaps requires a second operative site, this method of orodental rehabilitation of the hemipalatomaxillectomy defect can achieve superior functional and QOL outcomes relative to defect-matched patients rehabilitated with a prosthetic obturator.

SARS-CoV-2, and its clinical manifestation as COVID-19, is an ongoing global pandemic. Patients with COVID-19 can present with numerous otolaryngologic conditions, such as Bell palsy (BP). Bell palsy is a unilateral peripheral facial nerve palsy of sudden onset. Several case reports and series have described peripheral facial nerve palsies associated with COVID-19. 1 In addition, since the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) emergency use authorization of several COVID-19 vaccines, there have been media reports of BP associated with vaccination. 2 Such concerns could erode vaccine confidence and exacerbate public hesitancy to obtain a COVID-19 vaccine. We used data from a large health research network to estimate the incidence of BP in patients with COVID-19 vs individuals vaccinated against the disease.Methods | The institutional review board at Case Western Reserve University deemed this cohort study exempt from review and waived the requirement for patient informed consent because deidentified information, aggregated counts, and statistical summaries of electronic medical records were used. These data were collected from 41 health care organizations worldwide and accessed through TriNetX, a global federated research network. Queries were made on April 7, 2021, to identify patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020) with or without a diagnosis code of BP within 8 weeks of the COVID-19 diagnosis. Among these patients, we identified those with a history of BP. To account for vaccination, the queries were restricted from January 1, 2021, to March 31, 2021. Using TriNetX to evaluate BP as our outcome, we matched 63 551 non-vaccinated patients with COVID-19 to those who were vaccinated against the disease and had no history of COVID-19 infection.