Objective: The objective of the study was to compare mean Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) in maternal oral hydration with routine hydration in third trimester oligohydramnios. Study design: Randomized control trial. Settings: Department of Gynea/Obs Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad. Duration of study: 6 months from 1 st June to 30 th November 2016. Methodology: A total of 80 cases (40 in each group), were included in the study, Group A was oral hydration group and was enquired about daily water intake. They are bound to take 2 liters of water in addition to their daily intake for 7 days. Group B was routine hydration group and continued to drink water determined by thirst and followed up on OPD basis according to the hospital protocol. Ultrasonography was done by radiology department and reported by radiologist after completion of 7 days and revised amniotic fluid index was noted. All the information was recorded on proforma. Results: In this study, (40 in each group), 65%(n=26) in Group-A and 57.5%(n=23) in Group-B were between 18-30 years and 35%(n=14) in Group-A and 42.5%(n=17) in Group-B were between 31-45 years of age, mean+sd was calculated as 27.88+5.40 years and 28.80+5.72 years respectively, pre-treatment mean AFI volume was in-significant between the two groups. Post-treatment mean AFI volume was recorded as 6.83+0.81 in Group-A and 5.05+0.75 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.001 which shows significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: We concluded that oral hydration appears to be significantly increased in mean AFI as compare to routine hydration in third trimester oligohydramnios, this therapy can be used instead of expectant management or invasive techniques in patients of third trimester oligohydramnios.

Primary postpartum hemorrhagic, rightly called as obstetrician’s nightmare,refers to excessive blood loss of more than 500ml during the third stage of labour or in the first24 hours after delivery. It continues to be one of the leading causes of maternal mortality andmorbidity all over the world including Pakistan where it is responsible for 21-31% of maternalmortality and morbidity. Objectives: Objective of study was to determine the efficacy of balloontamponade in the management of primary PPH, so that a low cast, easy to use technology isavailable for conserving future fertility by treating postpartum hemorrhage. Settings: Departmentof Gynae & Obs, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.Study Period: 6 months from 1st Oct, 2015 to 31st March, 2016. Material & Methods: All patientsdelivered vaginally at term (after 37 completed weeks of gestation) who developed PPH due touterine atony after failure of conventional medical therapy were included in this study. Patientselection was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their demographic profile and efficacyof balloon tamponade was checked in terms of time required to control hemorrahage andneed of laparotomy. Results: During study period total no. Of vaginal deliveries were 3000.Out of these 298 developed PPH, 220 had PPH due to uterine atony and did not respond toconventional medical therapy. The age of patients ranged between 22 and 40 years with meanage of 30 year (±4.88SD). The parity of the patients ranged between 1 and 14 with the meanparity of 4 (±2.26SD). The condom catheter was introduced in all the selected 80 patients andwas successful in 73 patients. Conclusions: In developing countries such as Pakistan wherethe maternal death rate from PPH is very high, this safe, in expensive and easy procedure (itdoes not require any expertise) can be applied in any situation to save a life and to save theuterus in young patients to conserve reproductive capacity and prevent them from surgery andits morbidity. This will protect the patients from irreversible shock and even death with a successrate of 85-95%.

Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed gynaecological procedurein female. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome between totallaparoscopic hysterectomy and abdominal hysterectomy regarding blood loss during surgery,surgical time and postoperative hospital stay. Settings: Department of Gynecology & ObstetricsAllied Hospital, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad. Period: 1st January 2016 - 31stDecember 2016 (1 Year). Study Design: Randomized control Study. Material & Methods: Theethical committee of Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad approved the study protocol. Thepatient demographical characteristics were similar in both groups. 112 patients were enrolled.Including 56 case of total laparoscopic hysterectomy and 56 cases of abdominal hysterectomywhich meets inclusion criteria. Result: Average blood loss in TLH was 83.09+10.74ml while itwas 387.88+59.54ml in TAH. When both groups were compared regarding operative time, itwas 76.73+20.2min in TLH while it was 84.7+19.9 in TAH. Postoperative stay in the hospitalwas 1.25+0.44 days in TLH while it was 5.72+0.83 in TAH. Conclusion: The laparoscopichysterectomy is a modern surgical method in current gynecological practice. With increasingexperience and good collaboration of surgical team, time duration can be shortened and bloodloss can be reduced to negligible.