It is extensively verified that continued oxidative stress and oxidative damage may lead to chronic inflammation, which in turn can mediate most chronic diseases including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, neurological, inflammatory bowel disease and pulmonary diseases. Curcumin, a yellow coloring agent extracted from turmeric, shows strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities when used as a remedy for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. How oxidative stress activates inflammatory pathways leading to the progression of chronic diseases is the focus of this review. Thus, research to date suggests that chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and most chronic diseases are closely linked, and the antioxidant properties of curcumin can play a key role in the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammation diseases.

ObjectivesTo investigate the most important factors affecting the prognosis of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx.MethodsBased on the clinical and follow-up data, 205 patients with SCC of the larynx receiving total laryngectomy, partial laryngectomy, or CO2 laser surgery in GuangDong General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. A survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and a multivariable analysis of prognostic factors was carried out using the Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsSubtypes of carcinoma included 69.8% glottic and 30.2% supraglottic. Most patients were in N0 stage (77.6%), and 22.4% patients were in N1∼N3 stage. Over half of the patients were in T1∼T2 stage (55.1%), 20.0% in T3, and 24.9% in T4. Mean follow-up duration was 49.2 months. The survival rates 1, 2, and 3 years after the surgery were 99.0%, 91.7%, and 81.5%, respectively. The survival rate for those patients with clinical stage IV was significantly lower than for those with clinical stage I and II (p<0.001 and p = 0.013, respectively). The disease-free progression rates 1, 2, and 3 years after the surgery were 83.9%, 74.6%, and 71.2%, respectively. Futhermore, those patients with a Charlson score of 1 to 2 and ≥3 had higher risk of mortality than those with a Charlson score of 0 (hazard ratios of 1.8 and 2.41 p = 0.042 and p = 0.008). Multivariable analysis revealed that clinical stage, surgical margin, and comorbidity were significantly associated with both mortality and disease-free progression.ConclusionThe surgical resection margin, clinical stage, and comorbidity were independent factors affecting the laryngeal cancer prognosis. The survival rates were lower for patients with advanced laryngeal cancer, positive surgical margins, or severe comorbidity, suggesting the importance of early diagnosis, early treatment, negative surgical margins, and conditions of comorbidity.

BackgroundNeutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to be associated with prognosis in various solid tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of NLR in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).MethodsA total of 141 LSCC patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ demographics were analyzed along with clinical and pathologic data. The optimal cutoff value of NLR was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The impact of the NLR and other potential prognostic factors on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsThe optimal cutoff value of the NLR was 2.17. In the NLR ≤ 2.17 group, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates were 88.2, 73.9 and 69.1 %, respectively, while in the NLR > 2.17 group, the DFS rates were 83.0, 54.6 and 49.2 %, respectively. Correspondingly, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 98.9, 85.1 and 77.4 % in the NLR ≤ 2.17 group and 97.9, 63.8 and 53.3 % in the NLR > 2.17 group, respectively. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that NLR > 2.17 was a prognostic factor for both DFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.869; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.078–3.243; P = 0.026] and OS (HR =2.177; 95 % CI 1.208–3.924; P = 0.010).ConclusionOur results showed that elevated preoperative NLR was an independent predictor of poor prognosis for patients with LSCC after surgical resection.