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Rapidly increasing industry has resulted in greater discharge of hazardous chemicals in the soil. In the current study, soil samples were collected from Nanjing mine (32°09′19.29″ N 118°56′57.04″ E) and subjected to heavy metal analysis and microbe isolation. A total of 460 fungi were isolated, and five of these were yeast strains. Most of the strains exhibited tolerance to one metal. Five multimetal tolerant strains were selected and identified as Aspergillus sclerotiorum, Aspergillus aculeatus, Komagataella phaffii, Trichoderma harzianum, and Aspergillus niger. Isolated strains were grown in high concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb), for induced-tolerance training. The tolerance index (TI) revealed the highest Cd tolerance of novel K. phaffii strain at 5500 ppm (TI: 0.2). K. phaffii also displayed resistance at 4000 ppm against Cr (TI: 0.32) and Pb (TI: 0.32). In contrast, tolerance training for A. niger was not that successful. K. phaffii also displayed the highest bioaccumulation capacity for Cd (25.23 mg/g), Cu (21.63 mg/g), and Pb (20.63 mg/g) at 200 ppm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) explored the morphological changes in the mycelia of stressed fungi. Results of this study describe this delicate approach to be species and metal dependent and suggest a potential utilization of this fungal strain for the bioremediation of contaminated soils.

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Medicinal plants are the important source of potentially useful chemotherapeutic agents which have made enormous contributions to human health and well-being. The methanolic extract of leaves of Eucalyptus tereticornis for antibacterial activity against the bacterial strain Escherichia coli was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) was adopted to optimize the effect of process variables.The optimum conditions for maximum antibacterial activity (zones of inhibition, mm) were found out to be E. tereticornis extract i.e., Limonene, 3 mL; 1, 8-Cineole, 11 mL; Terpinen-4-ol, 15 mL; pH, 7.0 and temperature, 40 C. The results suggest that the organic (methanol) extract of E. tereticornis could be a possible source to obtain new and effective herbal medicines to combat infections caused by multi-drug resistant microbial strains from community and hospital settings.