Considering the low incidence of regional lymph node recurrence and the levels with frequent regional recurrence in patients without lymph node metastasis, elective neck dissection in all cases of total thyroidectomy may be immoderate. However, if any risk factors for regional recurrence, including large tumor size, presence of extrathyroid spread, high T stage, and presence of lymph node metastasis, are detected by preoperative and intraoperative evaluation, a systematic compartment-oriented lymphadenectomy should be considered because of the high possibility of regional recurrence.

There was a high correlation of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (r = 0.94, p < 0.001) and lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT) (r = 0.90, p < 0.001) between the PSG and the Watch-PAT. A good agreement was also found between PSG AHI, PSG LSAT and PAT AHI, PAT LSAT, respectively. There was a significantly high concordance of the severity of AHI (Kendall tau-b = 0.897, p < 0.001) between the PSG and the Watch-PAT.

Purpose To investigate the impact of anti-angiogenic therapy with bevacizumab on pathological response and the diagnostic performance of MRI in breast cancer patients. Methods Thirty-six patients (age 31-69) with breast cancer were included. Sixteen patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) containing bevacizumab, and 20 patients received the same NAC protocol without bevacizumab. Serial MRI studies were performed to evaluate response. All patients received surgery after completing NAC. The extent of residual disease was examined by histopathology, and classified into three types (pCR-pathologic complete response, confined nodules, and scattered cells). The Fisher's Exact test and the general logistic regression models were applied to analyze differences between two groups. Results The pCR rates and residual disease (nodular and scattered cell) patterns were comparable between the two groups. The diagnostic accuracy rate of MRI (true positive and true negative) was 13/17 (76%) for patients with bevacizumab; and 14/20 (70%) for patients without bevacizumab. The size measured on MRI was accurate for mass lesions that shrank down to nodules, showing < 0.7 cm discrepancy from pathological size. For residual disease presenting as scattered cells within a large fibrotic region, MRI could not predict them correctly, resulting in a high false negative rate and a large size discrepancy. Conclusion The pathological response and the diagnostic performance of MRI are comparable between patients receiving NAC with and without bevacizumab. In both groups MRI has a limitation in detecting residual disease broken down to small foci and scattered cells/clusters. When MRI is used to evaluate the extent of residual disease for surgical treatment, the limitations, particularly for non-mass lesions, should be considered.

In patients with thyroid cancer, CT improved surgical planning by enhancing the sensitivity for lymph node metastasis and by detecting lymph node metastasis that was overlooked with ultrasound alone.