For elderly people fall incidents are life-changing events that lead to degradation or even loss of autonomy. Current fall detection systems are not integrated and often associated with undetected falls and/or false alarms.In this paper, a social-and context-aware multi-sensor platform is presented, which integrates information gathered by a plethora of fall detection systems and sensors at the home of the elderly, by using a cloud-based solution, making use of an ontology. Within the ontology, both static and dynamic information is captured to model the situation of a specific patient and his/her (in)formal caregivers. This integrated contextual information allows to automatically and continuously assess the fall risk of the elderly, to more accurately detect falls and identify false alarms and to automatically notify the appropriate caregiver, e.g., based on location or their current task.The main advantage of the proposed platform is that multiple fall detection systems and sensors can be integrated, as they can be easily plugged in, this can be done based on the specific needs of the patient. systems and sensors leads to a more reliable system, with better accuracy. The proof of concept was tested with the use of the visualizer, which enables a better way to analyze the data flow within the back-end and with the use of the portable testbed, which is equipped with several different sensors.

Abstract-The envisioned ambient-intelligent patient room contains numerous devices to sense and adjust the environment, monitor patients and support caregivers. Context-aware techniques are often used to combine and exploit the heterogeneous data offered by these devices to improve the provision of continuous care. However, the adoption of context-aware applications is lagging behind what could be expected, because they are not adapted to the daily work practices of the users, a lack of personalization of the services and not tackling problems such as the need of the users for control. To mediate this, an interdisciplinary methodology was investigated and designed in this research to involve the users in each step of the development cycle of the context-aware application. The methodology was used to develop an ambient-intelligent nurse call system, which uses gathered context data to find the most appropriate caregivers to handle a call of a patient and generate new calls based on sensor data. Moreover, a smartphone application was developed for the caregivers to receive and assess calls. The lessons learned during the user-driven development of this system are highlighted.

Ontology engineering methodologies tend to emphasize the role of the knowledge engineer or require a very active role of domain experts. In this paper, a participatory ontology engineering method is described that holds the middle ground between these two 'extremes'. After thorough ethnographic research, an interdisciplinary group of domain experts closely interacted with ontology engineers and social scientists in a series of workshops. Once a preliminary ontology was developed, a dynamic care request system was built using the ontology. Additional workshops were organized involving a broader group of domain experts to ensure the applicability of the ontology across continuous care settings. The proposed method successfully actively engaged domain experts in constructing the ontology, without overburdening them. Its applicability is illustrated by presenting the co-created continuous care ontology. The lessons learned during the design and execution of the approach are also presented. F. Ongenae et al. / Ontology co-design methodgeneric when it comes to issues of knowledge elicitation from domain experts. The methodologies acknowledge there exists an imperative need for a close interaction between domain experts and ontology engineers, but extensive studies on which techniques should be used for this are largely missing.In this paper, an ontology engineering approach is described that aims at involving the domain experts in each step of the ontology life cycle without asking them to construct the ontology themselves or attribute a large amount of their time. The approach acknowledges that domain experts are not ontology engineers and vice versa. To reach this goal, user-driven and participatory methods and tools are employed. The rationale behind this approach is that it increases the acceptance of ontology-driven technologies and facilitates their appropriation by the domain experts. It encourages users to feel in control of the ontology, continue to adapt it and to thus increase its accuracy.The objective of this paper is twofold. On one hand, the process we have designed to realize a participatory ontology engineering method is discussed. A series of workshops is described that were organized to actively involve domain experts. The instruments that were used to unite all the insights gained during these workshops and how these were translated into the ontology are presented. On the other hand, the continuous care ontology, which resulted from applying the method, is presented.The following specific research questions are addressed:• RQ1: How to involve users in the creation of an ontology without overburdening them?• RQ2: How to reach a cross-institutional validity of an ontology?This paper elaborates on previous publications about this research (Bleumers et al., 2011;Ongenae et al., 2011a) by concentrating on the whole ontology development process by including later stages of the ontology construction, i.e., the workshops that have addressed the cross-institutional validity of the ontology. As such, a reflec...