BackgroundRecently, maintaining higher relative dose intensity (RDI) of chemotherapeutic drugs has become a widespread practice in an attempt to achieve better outcomes in the treatment of aggressive lymphoma. The addition of rituximab to chemotherapy regimens has significantly improved outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL). However, it is unknown if higher RDI in chemotherapy when combined with rituximab leads to a better outcome in aggressive B-cell lymphoma.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the impact of the RDI of initial chemotherapy (consisting of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone with rituximab (R-CHOP) on outcome in 100 newly diagnosed DLBL patients.ResultsA multivariate Cox regression model showed that RDI trended towards a significant association with mortality [hazard ratio per 0.1 of RDI = 0.8; 95% confidence interval 0.6–1.0; P = 0.08]. Additionally, on multivariate logistic analysis, advanced age was a significant factor for reduced RDI.ConclusionOur data suggest that in DLBL patients, mortality was affected by RDI of R-CHOP as the initial treatment, and the retention of a high RDI could therefore be crucial.
Immunomodulation induced by dasatinib is reportedly related to better prognosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. The immunoprofiles of 63 patients in the chronic phase of CML were evaluated during treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (imatinib, n = 36; nilotinib, n = 9; dasatinib, n = 18). The numbers of CD56 + CD57 + and CD3 + CD57 + cells increased significantly in the dasatinib group. The numbers of regulatory T-cells were comparable among the three groups. Dasatinib markedly enhanced natural killer (NK)-cell reactivity. Only one patient treated with dasatinib showed a slight cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation. In contrast, nilotinib suppressed NK-cell reactivity. Plasma levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), interferon-γ inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were significantly elevated in all three groups, and plasma levels of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were significantly elevated in the imatinib and dasatinib groups. Our results suggest the presence of a mechanism for dasatinib-associated immunomodulatory effects that is distinct from CMV reactivation and a decreased number of regulatory T-cells.
PurposeIt was reported that the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) from cancer cells stimulated the recruitment of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BM-MCs) into tumor stroma via chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2 (CXCR2) signaling. We conducted this retrospective study to determine the clinicopathologic significance of the CXCL1-CXCR2 axis in human gastric cancer.MethodsThe correlations between the clinicopathological features of 270 primary gastric carcinomas and CXCL1 in cancer cells and CXCR2 in stromal cells were analyzed in immunohistochemical studies. The effect of gastric cancer cells on the expression of CXCR2 in BM-MCs was examined using diffuse-type gastric cancer cell lines in vitro.ResultsThe expression of CXCL1 in cancer cells was correlated with T invasion (T2–T4), lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, peritoneal cytology, peritoneal metastasis and CXCR2 expression in stromal cells. The expression of CXCR2 in stromal cells was correlated with macroscopic type-4 cancers, histological type, T invasion (T2–T4), lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, infiltration, peritoneal cytology, peritoneal metastasis and CD271 expression in stromal cells. The overall survival of patients with CXCL1 and CXCR2-positive cancer was poorer than that of the patients with negative cancer. Both CXCL1 expression in cancer cells and CXCR2 expression in stromal cells were independent prognostic factors for gastric cancer patients.ConclusionThe expressions of CXCL1 in cancer cells and CXCR2 in stromal cells are useful prognostic factors for gastric cancer patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.