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Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a relatively rare malignancy arising from the biliary epithelium. Prognosis is typically poor. Currently, aggressive surgical resection is the only treatment modality that offers patients any chance of long-term survival. Here, we present the case of a 57-year-old woman in whom we diagnosed ICC, with the tumor occupying the entire left and caudate hepatic lobes and daughter nodules in the right lobe. She underwent hepatectomy of segments I to VI, combined with intraoperative microwave coagulation therapy for nodules in the residual liver. Three months after the surgical resection, she had recurrence of the disease. The patient subsequently received weekly intraarterial chemotherapy with irinotecan (CPT-11), and a partial response was observed which persisted for 18 months. Subsequent computed tomography revealed the regrowth of three tumors, and she therefore underwent a repeat resection 24 months after the first surgical operation. In postoperative-month (POM) 32, she received systemic chemotherapy with tegatur/gimeracil/oteracil potassium (S-1)/cisplatin for multiple small nodules in her lung. Following three cycles of chemotherapy with a stable disease response, partial resections of the lung were performed. Third and fourth hepatectomies were performed in POMs 46 and 59, respectively. Five years and 5 months after the first hepatectomy, she is alive with small lesions in her lung. This multimodal approach may be effective for ICC.

(1) The OSI, which can be calculated based on data acquired through a simple outpatient procedure, can serve as an index of our patients' laboratory results and oxidative status. (2) The LRLT recipients in our study were at risk for oxidative stress early in the post-operative period, but this risk subsided with time.

Laparoscopic SW was safe and feasible for the short-term follow-up outcomes.

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