BACKGROUND: Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity of vascular diseases, and its incidence maintains at a high level around the world. In China, stroke has been a major public health problem. Because the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke is different from that of hemorrhagic stroke, their clinical factors would not be the same. Therefore to investigate the different effects of various effect factors on ischemic versus hemorrhagic stroke and then to enhance the prevention are crucial to decrease the incidence. METHODS:A total of 692 patients, consisting of 540 ischemic stroke patients and 152 hemorrhagic stroke patients from East China, were included in this study. The related factors of stroke subtypes were collected and analyzed. RESULTS:The factors signifi cantly associated with ischemic stroke as opposed to hemorrhagic stroke were family history of stroke, obesity, atherosclerotic plaque of the common carotid artery, atrial fibrillation, hyperfibrinogenemia, transient ischemic attack (TIA), atherosclerotic plaque of the internal carotid artery, coronary heart, lower high-density lipoproteins (lower HDL), increasing age, diabetes mellitus, and gender (male) (P<0.05). Leukocytosis, hypertension and family history of hypertension were the significant factors associated with hemorrhagic stroke versus ischemic stroke. Smoking, drinking, kidney diseases and lower HDL-C were the signifi cant factors contributing to ischemic stroke in man. Obesity, family history of hypertension, family history of stroke, hypercholesteremia and myocardial ischemia were the signifi cant factors for females with ischemic stroke. CONCLUSIONS:The most prominent factors for overall stroke in East China were hypertension, followed by higher pulse pressure and hypercholesteremia. The factors for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are not the same. Different effects of risk factors on stroke are found in male and female patients.

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BackgroundMaternal deaths occur mostly in developing countries and the majority of them are preventable. This study analyzes changes in maternal mortality and related causes in Henan Province, China, between 1996 and 2009, in an attempt to provide a reliable basis for introducing effective interventions to reduce the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), part of the fifth Millennium Development Goal.Methods and FindingsThis population-based maternal mortality survey in Henan Province was carried out from 1996 to 2009. Basic information was obtained from the health care network for women and children and the vital statistics system, from specially trained monitoring personnel in 25 selected monitoring sites and by household survey in each case of maternal death. This data was subsequently reported to the Henan Provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital. The total MMR in Henan Province declined by 78.4%, from 80.1 per 100 000 live births in 1996 to 17.3 per 100 000 live births in 2009. The decline was more pronounced in rural than in urban areas. The most common causes of maternal death during this period were obstetric hemorrhage (43.8%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (15.8%), amniotic fluid embolism (13.9%) and heart disease (8.0%). The MMR was higher in rural areas with lower income, less education and poorer health care.ConclusionThere was a remarkable decrease in the MMR in Henan Province between 1996 and 2009 mainly in the rural areas and MMR due to direct obstetric causes such as obstetric hemorrhage. This study indicates that improving the health care network for women, training of obstetric staff at basic-level units, promoting maternal education, and increasing household income are important interventional strategies to reduce the MMR further.

Background This survey aims to investigate the incidence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in Chinese real clinical setting and evaluate the effect of guideline-consistent CINV prophylaxis (GCCP) and guideline-inconsistent CINV prophylaxis (GICP) on incidence of complete response (CR) of CINV.Materials and Methods A cross-sectional nationwide multicenter study assessing the guideline consistency and CINV incidence of patients was conducted at a total of 32 large medical centers from 26 provinces across the west,east༌northeast and middle part of China between April and May 2021.Result Data for 2964 patients were analyzed. Patients treated with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) were more prone to experience CINV during the acute phase compared to those receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC); patients receiving low or minimally emetogenic chemotherapy (L/mEC) were least likely to experience CINV during the overall phase among the whole study population. The prevalence of GCCP was 29.2% in the whole study population, and 13.6%, 35.7% and 45.1% for the patients receiving HEC, MEC and L/mEC, respectively. For patients receiving HEC and MEC, GCCP increased incidence of CR during both delayed and overall phases. For those receiving L/mEC and GICP, incidence of CR was not higher than that of patients receiving L/mEC and GCCP.Conclusion This study revealed Chinese CINV status, the prevalence of GCCP in the real clinical setting and the association between GCCP and CR rate for the first time. The findings indicate that prescribing antiemetics in compliance with guidelines for all patients receiving chemotherapy is strongly suggested.

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