Ceramic materials were synthesized in the RO(R=Ba, Sr)–Al2O3–SiO2 system using exothermic synthesis from solutions containing barium and strontium nitrates, silica and organic reducing agents (glycine and carbamide). It was shown that only the use of a mixture of glycine and carbamide as well as the addition of ammonium nitrate allows carrying out a complete exothermic synthesis with the formation of an X-ray amorphous product with a small fraction of the crystalline phase. It was established that monophase materials based on barium and strontium aluminosilicates (BaAl2Si2O8 and SrAl2Si2O8) are formed when the obtained X-ray amorphous product is heat-treated at the temperatures above 10000C. Ceramics from synthesized materials sintered at 15500C has a high refractoriness, open porosity of 0–1.0%, compressive strength of 115–120 MPa; dielectric constant of 3.25–6.0 (at the frequency of 1 MHz) and the loss tangent of (1.5–5.2)10–3. The results shows that the exothermic synthesis ensures the preparation of nano- and sub-microcrystalline powders in the system RO(R=Ba, Sr)–Al2O3–SiO2. Materials based on the obtained aluminosilicates can be used in the manufacture of protective structures for devices operating in the radio frequency band, in radar installations of aviation and rocket technology, in microwave elements, etc.
The prospect of products' manufacturing based on Slavsonite (strontium aluminosilicate-SrAl 2 Si 2 O 8) is in the ability to combine a complex of dielectric and physical-mechanical characteristics of this material, such as radiotransparency, high strength, temperature resistance, and to have a low cost of raw materials. Slavsonite, besides the low dielectric permittivity value ε ~ 6.2…6.8, has the lowest dielectric loss tanδ ~ 0.0001 ... 0.0002 from among the crystalline phases, suitable for creating radioceramics [1]. Such materials are most often used when creating protection elements for aircraft antenna transmitters under high temperature and mechanical loads. For radiotransparent ceramic materials, low dielectric losses (tanδ < 0.001) and high stability of properties with temperature changes are typical. For example, the dielectric permittivity of sitalls does not change by more than ± 1%, and the tangent of dielectric loss increases by no more than ± 20% when the temperature changes from-60 ° to +1,200 °C [2]. The relevance of the study is creation of high-strength products of simple shape from the developed masses of radio transparent material based on the crystalline phase of Slavsonite.
The article discusses the physical and mechanical regularities of ceramics formation based on the BaO—Al2O3—SiO2 system by slip casting into gypsum molds, and also investigates the rheological properties of a slip based on сelsian and the physicochemical properties of products made from it. The samples were made according to the following technology: the first stage is synthesis of celsian in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 1200 °C with a maximum temperature holding for 2 hours. The synthesis products were ground in a planetary mill to a residue on the № 0063 sieve of no more than 0.2 %. Then, slips with different moisture content without additives and with the addition of 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 wt. % thinning additive Dolapix PC 67 were made. The second stage is to obtain samples by casting slip into gypsum molds. Firing of products took place in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 1350 °C with a two-hour holding. The optimal amount of thinning additive in the celsian slip was determined, which corresponds to 0.10 wt. %. It was found that, in the studied area of technological parameters, the material acquires the best properties at a sample firing temperature of 1350 °C and is characterized by the following indicators: water absorption — 10.20 %, apparent density — 2.15 g/cm3, open porosity — 21.04 %.
The article considers the slip casting technology of celsian-slavsonite ceramics with the ratio of raw materials to obtain crystalline phases of ВаAl2Si2O8: SrAl2Si2O8 – 25:75. The manufacture technology of product proceeded in two stages. The first stage of synthesis was performed in a muffle furnace at a rate of temperature of 15 deg / min at a maximum firing temperature of 1200 °C with a holding time of 2 hours. Then the synthesized ceramics were grinded for 10 minutes. The second stage was to obtain a slip with the addition of surfactants (DOLAPIX PC 67). The finished slip was poured into a plaster mold. Drying of the green sample was carried out in an oven at a temperature up to 110 °C for 3 hours. Firing of the dried sample was carried out in a muffle furnace at a rate of set temperature of 15 deg / min, at a maximum firing temperature of 1250 °C for 2 hours. The fired materials were subjected to machining. The obtained data indicate that, the best sample was fired at a temperature of 1250 ° C and had the following properties: dielectric constant — 9.4, water absorption — 5.9 %, open porosity — 14.4 %, apparent density — 2.42 g/cm3, flexural strength — 19 MPa.
Проведені дослідженні стосуються розробки конструкційних радіопрозорих керамічних матеріалів на основі чотирикомпонентної системи BaO-SrO-Al2O3-SiO2. У зв'язку з широким використанням на сучасних авіаційних об'єктах засобів радіолокації розробка радіопрозорих обтічників для них є досить важливим і актуальним завданням. Призначення обтічників -захист антенних пристроїв радіолокаційних станцій від впливу навколишнього середовища в умовах польоту. Виходячи з цього, обтічники повинні задовольняти складному комплексу вимог до аеродинамічних, термічних, радіотехнічних і механічних властивостей. Ці вимоги при надзвукових швидкостях польоту сучасних об'єктів істотно підвищуються, так як покращення аеродинамічних форм, підвищення механічної міцності і термостійкості обтічників суперечить інтересам радіотехніки, приводячи до значного погіршення їх радіопрозорості і до спотворень діаграм спрямованості антен. Наслідком цього є зменшення дальності дії радіолокаційних станцій і серйозні погіршення їх характеристик точності. Метою проведених досліджень було отримання на основі системи BaO-SrO-Al2O3-SiO2 кристалічних фаз славсоніту та цельзіану при знижених температурі та часу синтезу, шляхом введення інтенсифікаторів спікання флюсуючої та модифікуючої дії. Досліджено вплив ряду добавок на інтенсифікацію низькотемпературного синтезу славсоніту та цельзіану. Показано позитивний вплив евтектичної добавки системи SnO2-Li2O на отримання щільноспеченого керамічного матеріалу на основі твердих розчинів славсоніту та цельзіану моноклінної сингонії. Встановлено, що за своїми діелектричними властивостями отриманий керамічний матеріал може бути віднесений до конструкційних радіопрозорих матеріалів.
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