The traditional approach to assessing the quality of nutrient bases involves a determination of amino nitrogen and acidity. The disadvantage of this approach consists in a lack of information, i.e. an inability to detect antibiotics, growth inhibitors and other undesirable compounds. In this regard, more modern and informative methods are required to control the technological process of preparing the nutritional basis and therefore the quality of the products obtained. The aim of this work was to study the physicochemical properties of nutrient bases made from sea and river fish and squid using new approaches (NMR spectroscopy). The following raw materials were used: herring (1), roach (2), pollock (3), squid (4). The raw materials were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by the pancreas (according to Hottinger). The qualitative composition of the organic component of hydrolysates (1-4) was determined by 1 H, 13 С and 15 N NMR spectroscopy. All of the 1 H NMR spectra had the same appearance, typical of mixtures of amino acids or amino acid sequences. In the high-field part (0.9-2.5 ppm), a set of multiplets was observed, characteristic of aliphatic fragments of molecules. Since most of the signals in the 1 H NMR spectra partially overlap, a quantitative assessment of the composition of the organic component appears impossible. All four samples can be confirmed as being qualitatively similar without isolating the dominant compound. Analysis of 2D NMR spectra revealed the presence of the following free amino acids in mixtures of samples (1-4): alanine, valine, threonine, arginine, lysine, leucine, methionine, phenylal-anine and glycine. The use of NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that any discrepancies in the component composition of hydrolysates (1-4) were insignificant, allowing manufacturers of nutrient media to choose the most affordable raw materials. The obtained data appear to be applicable for controlling the technological process of preparing the nutrient bases and determining the quality of the resulting products during storage.

Background. Development of nutrient media ensuring the maximum growth rate of pathogens of dangerous infectious diseases while preserving their biological properties is extremely important. A promising direction in this area seems to be the use of synthetic microbial growth biostimulants.The aim of the work is to study the possibility of improving nutrient media for the cultivation of Listeria and Staphylococcus using a biologically active compound tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium 4-chlorophenylsulfanylacetate.Materials and methods. The object of the study was experimental nutrient medium for the cultivation of Listeria used for the culturing of the test strain Listeria monocytogenes 766. As a comparison medium, commercial medium Fraser broth to which agar was added at a concentration of 1.5 %, was used. The test strain Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P (FDA 209-P) was cultivated on meat-peptone agar with 1% glucose. The compound tris(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium (4-chlorophenyl)sulfanylacetate at a concentration of 10–4 wt. % was studied as a growth stimulator. A nutrient medium without a stimulant served as a control. The specific activity of nutrient media (germination rate, medium sensitivity, growth rate and stability of the main biological properties of microorganisms) was evaluated by the microbiological method.Results. Studies have shown that the addition of a growth stimulator to nutrient media contributes to the growth of colonies (by 10–50 %) and a decrease in the time of their development. When growth stimulator was added to the nutrient medium for the cultivation of Listeria, the initial growth of colonies of the L. monocytogenes 766 test strain after 12 hours of cultivation and growth of colonies of the test strain S. aureus ATCC 6538-P after 6 hours of cultivation on the meat-peptone agar with 1% glucose was observed.Conclusion. Thus, the addition of a growth biostimulator tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium 4-chlorophenylsulfanyl acetate at a concentration of 10–4 wt. % in the nutrient medium accelerates the growth of Listeria and Staphylococcus, allows to reduce the time of issuance of the analysis result in half.

The Teschen disease (enzootic encephalomyelitis, enterovirus encephalomyelitis in pigs) is a viral disease in pigs, characterized by the development of non-suppurative encephalomyelitis and the emergence of paralysis. Live and inactivated vaccines are used to prevent the Teschen disease. The vaccines are prepared from tissues of the central nervous system of infected pigs or using a cultured viral suspension with the addition of various adjuvants. The inactivated vaccine against the Teschen disease protects 70-80% of vaccinated pigs from subsequent intracerebral infection with a pathogenic virus. The titer of virus-neutralizing antibodies reaches a maximum (1:64-1:1444) two weeks after the second vaccination. Vaccinated pigs with titer of neutralizing antibodies above than 1:32-1:128 are resistant to infection enterovirus encephalomyelitis of pigs. If the animal was older than 6 weeks age at the time of vaccination expressed antibody formation was observed. The disadvantages of inactivated vaccines are the low level and short duration of the formed protective immunity. Therefore, to induce and maintain a high level of humoral immunity people are forced to resort to multiple vaccinations. Another way to amplify the protectiveness of inactivated vaccines is the use of immunomodulators for the regulation of immunological reactivity. A wide field of activity remains for the selection of effective immunomodulators and optimal schemes for their combined use with inactivated vaccines. It seems advisable to determine the possibilities of using a number of immunostimulants produced by the domestic bioproductivity in the vaccine prophylaxis of viral diseases of farm.

научно-исследовательский институт бруцеллеза и туберкулеза животных Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук», Омск Полученные экспериментальные данные свидетельствуют о том, что разработанные сухие питательные среды на основах печеночного настоя и гидролизата сороги обладают высокой чувствительностью, полностью ингибируют рост бруцелл в S-форме и могут быть использованы для выделения, культивирования и накопления бруцелл в L-форме при бактериологической диагностике бруцеллеза. Питательные среды не нуждаются в корректировке рН, не требуют фильтрации и автоклавирования, удобны при транспортировке, что позволяет использовать их для работы в стационарных и полевых условиях.