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Objective This study was performed to explore the effect of the aortic arch type on technical indicators in patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS). Methods The data of 224 consecutive patients who underwent unilateral CAS from January 2011 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The requirement for placement of the guiding catheter into the common carotid artery with assistance of an angiographic catheter, fluoroscopy time, contrast agent dose, and adverse events were recorded. Results The fluoroscopy time was significantly longer and the contrast agent dose was significantly higher in patients with Type III than Type I and II arches. Significantly more patients with Type III than Type I and II arches required placement of the guiding catheter with assistance of an angiographic catheter (46.2% vs. 15.0%, respectively). The procedural success rate was significantly lower in patients with Type III than Type I and II arches (96.2% vs. 100.0%, respectively). The incidence of death, myocardial infarction, and all types of stroke was significantly higher in patients with Type III than Type I and II arches (7.7% vs. 1.7%, respectively). Conclusions The aortic arch type is an important influential factor in CAS. Type III arches are associated with more difficulties and complications.

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In this paper, the integration design of a millimeter-wave filtering patch antenna array fed by a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) four-way anti-phase filtering power divider is proposed. The multilayer four-way anti-phase filtering power divider handily implemented using the intrinsic field distribution of TE 20 -mode in SIW is proposed for miniaturization. The signal of the lower substrate integrated waveguide cavity (SIWC) bandpass filter is directly coupled to the upper TE 20 -mode SIW through a coupling slot. The intrinsic field distribution of TE 20 -mode SIW is used to generate anti-phase signals. This filtering power divider can be utilized as the feeding structure of a millimeter-wave filtering antenna array. To verify the design concept, a 28-GHz SIW-fed 1 × 4 filtering patch antenna array with three-layer substrates is designed and fabricated. The measured results show a fractional bandwidth of 5.03% ranging from 27.15 to 28.55 GHz, a peak gain of 11.1 dBi, cross-polarization levels lower than -20 dB, symmetric radiation patterns in both E-plane and H -plane, and high selectivity.INDEX TERMS Dual-slot-fed patch, filtering antenna array, millimeter-wave antenna array, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), TE 20 -mode.