By installing an X-mode polarized Q-band (32-56 GHz) reflectometry at the low field side on EAST, the zero density cutoff layer was determined and the edge density profile was measured in normally operating plasmas. A Monte Carlo procedure has been developed to analyze the density profiles by considering the error of time delay measured by reflectometry. By combining this Q-band and previously developed V-and W-band reflectometries, the density profiles from edge to core can be measured in most EAST experiments. The line integrated densities deduced from density profiles measured by reflectometry are consistent with those directly measured by a horizontal interferometer. The density pedestal measured by reflectometry shows a clear crash during an ELM (edge localized mode) event, after which the pedestal gradually increases and recovers in 10 ms and then remains little changed up to the next ELM.

A microwave reflectometry system operating in the V-band frequency with extraordinary mode polarization has been developed on the EAST tokamak. The reflectometry system, using a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) source driven by an arbitrary waveform generator with high temporal resolution, can operate for the density profile measurement. The result of the bench test shows that the output frequency of the VCO has a linear dependence on time. The dispersion of reflectometry system is determined and reported in this paper. The evolution of a pedestal density profile during the L-H transition is observed by the reflectometry in H-mode discharges on EAST tokamak. A frequency synthesizer is used to replace the VCO as microwave source for density fluctuation measurements. The level of density fluctuation in the pedestal shows an abrupt decrease when the plasma enters into H-mode. A coherent mode with a frequency of about 100 kHz is observed and the mode frequency decreases gradually as the pedestal evolves.

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Pedestal plasma turbulence was experimentally studied by microwave reflectometry on EAST tokamak. The characteristics of edge pedestal turbulence during dithering L-H transition, ELM-free H-mode phase and inter-ELM phase have recently been studied on EAST. An edge spatial structure of density fluctuation and its dithering temporal evolution is observed for the first time on the EAST tokamak during the L-H transition phase. A coherent mode usually appears during the ELM-free phase prior to the first ELM on EAST tokamak. The mode frequency gradually decreases as the pedestal evolves. Analysis shows that the coherent mode is in the pedestal region inside the separatrix. In plasma with type-III ELMs, a precursor mode before ELM is usually observed. The frequency of the precursor was initially about 150 kHz and gradually decreased till the next ELM. The mode amplitude increases or shows saturation before ELM. In the plasma with compound ELMs composed of high and low frequency ELMs, the precursor was also observed before the high frequency ELM while the harmonic oscillations with frequencies of 20 kHz, 40 kHz and 60 kHz appear before the low frequency ELM.