No abstract

The composite structure of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) nanosheets rooted on two-dimensional graphene (GR) was proposed to achieve an enhanced rate performance for high rate lithium ion batteries. Such a nanostructured material of graphene-supported Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 nanosheets (GR-LTOs) was fabricated by using TiO 2 colloid-containing graphene oxide (GO) sheets as precursor in a hydrothermal reaction. TiO 2 colloids serve as the seeds to realize the growth of LTO on GR and ensure the tight bonding between GR and LTO to benefit the charge transfer from the two types of sheets. The GR-LTOs sample possesses excellent electrochemical properties with good cycle stability and a high specific capacity of 140 mA h g À1 at 20 C. It demonstrates that LTO nanosheets, graphene sheets, and their tightly-bonded interfaces provide short ion diffusion distance and good electron conduction in such a composite structure.

Recently, the application of nano-cutting fluids has gained much attention in the machining of nickel-based super alloys due their good lubricating/cooling properties including thermal conductivity, viscosity, and tribological characteristics. In this study, a set of turning experiments on new nickel-based alloy i.e., Inconel-800 alloy, was performed to explore the characteristics of different nano-cutting fluids (aluminum oxide (Al2O3), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and graphite) under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) conditions. The performance of each nano-cutting fluid was deliberated in terms of machining characteristics such as surface roughness, cutting forces, and tool wear. Further, the data generated through experiments were statistically examined through Box Cox transformation, normal probability plots, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. Then, an in-depth analysis of each process parameter was conducted through line plots and the results were compared with the existing literature. In the end, the composite desirability approach (CDA) was successfully implemented to determine the ideal machining parameters under different nano-cutting cooling conditions. The results demonstrate that the MoS2 and graphite-based nanofluids give promising results at high cutting speed values, but the overall performance of graphite-based nanofluids is better in terms of good lubrication and cooling properties. It is worth mentioning that the presence of small quantities of graphite in vegetable oil significantly improves the machining characteristics of Inconel-800 alloy as compared with the two other nanofluids.