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Background: Esophagogastric variceal bleeding is a serious complication of decompensated cirrhosis.Transjugular intrahepatic portal shunt (TIPS) is a salvage treatment with clear hemostatic results. However, various complications may occur after TIPS, including postoperative liver failure, and the prognosis is very poor once occurs. Liver failure is a common symptom of severe liver disease with a high mortality rate. This study investigated the incidence of liver failure after TIPS treatment for varicose bleeding.Methods: We analyzed the data of patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 2013 and December 2018 with portal hypertension with an episode of acute gastroesophageal variceal bleeding. A total of 121 patients were referred to the regional liver unit for TIPS.Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and clinical data were collected. Patients with incomplete data were excluded, and 93 patients were ultimately enrolled in the study. Primary outcomes were morbidity and hospital mortality within 4 weeks of surgery. The data were retrospectively and consecutively collected and evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses to identify risk factors of liver failure. Results:The patients included 58 males (62.37%) and 35 females (37.63%), and the mean age was 58.43±11.85 years. The main cause was hepatitis B virus (HBV), which was found in 50.54% of patient. The overall surgical success rate was 83.87% (78/93). Of 15 treatment-failure patients, 9 (9.68%) died in hospital.Four patients died of liver failure, accounting for 44.44% of postoperative all-cause deaths. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that only hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) was an independent risk factor for post-TIPS morbidity [relative risk (RR) 1.156; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.041 to 1.283; P=0.006]. In addition, HVPG was an independent risk factor for hospital mortality within 4 weeks (RR 1.133; 95% CI: 1.021 to 0.539; P=0.016).Conclusions: Post-TIPS liver failure is a serious complication in patients with cirrhosis. Pre-TIPS HVPG level may be used as a predictor of potential short-term postoperative adverse events.

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Integrating an axial flow fan with the rotor is a sufficient cooling method for high-speed and high power density motors. Different from the axial fan design work under ideal intake condition, i.e. the intake flow of the fan is axial and uniform, the flow in actual engineering is more complex, which means the flow characteristics of an integrated fan are changed and disturbed. It leads to a performance penalty of the fan, and in some conditions it makes the fan stall, so it is important to get a knowledge of the flow characteristics and the performance of the integrated fan. A certain 4.5kW aviation motor with integrated axial fan is taken as the research object. Firstly, the motor-fan coupling simulation model and ideal axial intake simulation model are established, in which the mass flow rates are same, then calculation is conducted. Secondly, the simulation results are analyzed and compared, focusing on the performance of the axial fan, especially the static pressure rise, and the conclusion is obtained that the static pressure rise in ideal axial intake situation is higher than that in coupling situation. Furthermore, the reasons for the characteristics change are explored, finding that the increase of flow turbulence due to the more complex wind road structure is the main cause for these changes. This paper investigates the flow characteristics and axial fan performance mounted a whole motor, making a contribution to better understand the changes in fan performance under motor-fan coupling situation.