Цель работы: оценить эффективность первого этапа двухэтапной хирургической методики лечения параэндопротезной инфекции и выявить возможные факторы, влияющие на результат. Материал и методы. Проведен анализ результатов лечения 217 пациентов с параэндопротезной инфекцией, оперированных в РНИИТО им. Р.Р. Вредена в 2008-2012 годах. Средний возраст больных составил 56,1 лет (95% ДИ от 48,3 до 67,4). Всем пациентам выполнены санирующие операции с удалением эндопротеза тазобедренного сустава и установкой блоковидного или артикулирующего спейсера в разные сроки после первичного (77%) или ревизионного (23%) эндопротезирования. Результаты. У 139 больных (64,1%) отмечена стойкая ремиссия инфекционного процесса, позволившая в среднем через 10,2 недели (95% ДИ от 7,9 до 14,3) выполнить замену спейсера на полноценный эндопротез. Рецидивы инфекционного процесса наблюдались в 78 (35,9%) случаях. Заключение. Основными факторами риска развития рецидива инфекционного процесса являются сочетание и вид микроорганизма, лабораторные показатели, вес пациента и тип предшествующей операции. Ключевые слова: ревизионное эндопротезирование, параэндопротезная инфекция, двухэтапная ревизия.

Background.Local prevention of periprosthetic infection and treatment of infectious complications after various joints arthroplasties includes the use of polymethylmethacrylate-based spacers impregnated with antimicrobial agents. At the same time, the added components are able to change the bone cement characteristics and have variable antimicrobial effect duration. The aim of the studywas to evaluate the duration of antimicrobial activity and the effect on the MRSA ATCC 43300 biofilm formation on bone cement samples with gentamycin impregnated with vancomycin and/or highly dispersed silver.Materials and Methods.Samples were made from bone cement DePuy CMW 1 Gentamicin and mixed with vancomycin and/or highly dispersed silver. The elemental composition was studied by scanning electron microscopy and  micro-x-ray  spectral  analysis.  The  study  of  the  antimicrobial  activity  duration  was  performed  by  daily  applying an  incubation  solution  with  samples  to  the  bacterial  lawn  surface.  The  effect  on  biofilm  formation  was  evaluated  by immersing the test samples in LB-broth with MRSA.Results.The control samples did not have antimicrobial activity (AMA) against MRSA ATCC 43300. Test samples, additionally containing 10 wt.% of vancomycin was effective for 9 days. When adding highly dispersed silver, the lengthening of the samples activity time was recorded. So, when applying 2.5 wt.% of highly dispersed silver, the duration of AMA was 21 days, and when increased to 10 wt.% — 34 days. Energydispersion analysis of the sample surface with 10 wt.% of vancomycin and highly dispersed silver showed that the skeletal structure type contains matrix component based on barium sulfate with silver inclusions. During the study of the samples effect  on  a  typical  strain  biofilm  formation,  no  statistically  significant  differences  were  found  between  the  optical density of gentian violet extracts in the negative control and in the medium with MRSA.Conclusion. The vancomycin with highly dispersed silver combination prolonged the antimicrobial activity of the samples against MRSA ATCC 43300 and effectively prevented the formation of microbial biofilms on its surface. Despite the fact that the conditions of the conducted experiment in vitro are not identical to the conditions of bone cement antimicrobial spacers clinical use, our results indicate the need to use spacers with a known duration of antimicrobial activity and to comply with the terms of temporary structures replacement.

Purpose— to evaluate mid-term outcomes of reverse joint replacement in patients with shoulder arthropathy and massive rotator cuff tear.Material and Methods. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty with delTa xTeNd (depuy) was performed in 38 patients in the period from december 2010 to december 2016 by the same surgical team. patients’ age ranged from 38 to 82 years. Indications for replacement were pain syndrome and pseudoparalysis of the upper limb in presence of a large or massive Rc tear as well as shoulder arthropathy of various severity degree. Outcomes were evaluated by standard aSeS, cS and ucla scales. Roentgenological examination included ap and axial x-rays during follow up from 1 to 6 years after the surgery with analysis of implants positioning. Mean follow up was 24,2±6,6 months.Results. good outcomes were reported in 6 (15,8%) patients. average functional scores were: aSeS 87,4±2,1, ucla 29,7±1,5 and cS 14,0±2,3. Satisfactory outcomes were observed in 27 (14,2%) patients: aSeS 76,2±2,3, ucla 26,8±1,3 and cS 22,0±1,4 scores. poor outcomes were reported in 5 (14,2%) patients with persisting pain syndrome.Conclusion.To avoid significant and multiple complications after reverse shoulder replacement a precise preoperative planning considering particular destructive changes of glenoid fossa is required. For young and physically active patients the authors recommend to use alternative treatment options aiming at restoration of normal shoulder biomechanics and prophylaxis of arthropathy.

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