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Kinetics of adsorption of metal ions on inorganic materials: A review

“…However, many of the studies were without application of any kinetic models and were based on just showing the variation in adsorption capacity with time and usually to establish the time taken to arrive at equilibrium. A cross-section of such works that considered adsorption on various inorganic solids without dealing with any of the kinetic aspects is given below: Cu(II) on Ca-kaolinite [64], Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) on diatomite and Mn-diatomite [65], Ca(II) on hydroxy-Al pillared montmorillonite [66], Cd(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) on kaolinite and illite [67], Cu(II) on sewage sludge ash [68], Ni on illite [69], Cd(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Mn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) on Na-montmorillonite [70], As(V) on calcined synthetic hydrotalcite and calcined natural boehmite [71], Cd(II) and Zn(II) on apatite [72], Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II) and Zn(II) on natural zeolite [73], Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) on natural zeolite [74], As(V) on bimetal oxide [75], Cd(II) and Pb(II) on amine-modified zeolite [76], As(III) and As(V) on TiO 2 [77], Cd(II) and Zn(II) on modified clinoptilolite [78], Co(II) and Zn(II) on treated bentonite [79], Cu(II) on clinoptilolite [80], Cu(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) on natural bentonite [81], Cr(III) on zeolite [82], Cr(VI) on surfactant-modified zeolite [83], Co(II) and Ni(II) on ion exchange resins [84], Hg(II) on natural and modified montmorillonite (treated with pyridine, dimethyl sulfoxide and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) [85], Cd(II), Cr(III) and Mn(II) on natural sepiolite [86], Cu(II) on Serbian zeolite, clay and diatomite [87], Cu(II) on bentonite-polyacrylamide composites [88], etc.…”

Adsorption of Zinc from Aqueous Solutions Using Modified Brazilian Gray Clay

“…It is generally agreed that clay is an efficient adsorbent for some heavy metals, especially for lead [12], copper [13], cadmium [14], zinc [1,5,15,16] and nickel [17]. Although kaolinite exhibits the least exchangeability, some studies have confirmed the potential of natural and modified kaolinites for the adsorption of metal ions from solutions [16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Microwave synthesis, characterization, and zinc uptake studies of starch-graft-poly(ethylacrylate)

“…The point of zero charge of MIS-CP was found to be 6.0 and specific cationic adsorption by the copolymer surface occurs when pH is higher than 6.0 [29]. At solution pH less than pHzpc, the surface has net positive charge [30]. On the other hand if the solution pH is higher than the pHzpc, the net charge is negative and it increases with pH.…”