0573 Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea at Home Based on Deep Learning Features Derived from Respiration Sounds

Abstract

Introduction Analysis of sleep breathing sounds has been employed to screen obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, most current methods rely on specialized equipment (e.g., tracheal microphones), require additional physiological data (e.g., oxygen saturation), are rule-based, or are trained on data collected in-lab, making them less suitable for home use. In this study, deep learning methods were leveraged to explore the hypothesis that sleep audio recordings collected via smartphones can be used alone to screen for OSA by exploiting the temporal pattern of respiration sounds. Methods Adult participants with suspected sleep-disordered breathing of varying degrees of severity were recruited from the general population and from GP referrals to sleep clinic. Audio recordings were collected via smartphones during home sleep apnea testing (HSAT). HSAT data were scored by a registered polysomnographic technologist in accordance with current international guidelines (AASM V2.5, 2018) and used as reference. To exploit acoustic respiration temporal pattern, time interval histograms were computed for sequences of audio-words that were automatically learned from spectral features with a deep neural network. Means and standard deviations of the time intervals for each audio-word were employed by a Gaussian mixture model to classify 2-minute audio recording segments as either containing OSA events or not. Results Preliminary data from 4 valid nights’ recordings obtained from 2 consented participants was analysed. 550 segments were used for training, with 180 segments used for evaluation. Audio recording demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.71 and specificity of 0.66 when compared with manually-scored HSAT. Conclusion Preliminary results suggest that an approach to OSA screening based on deep learning with inter-audio-word intervals to capture information about respiration temporal pattern may be a useful tool in diagnosis of OSA. Further model development is underway using data collected from up to 200 patients and full study data will be presented. Support The project is supported by an Innovate UK grant (project number 157358). HR is supported by a joint scholarship from Passion for Life Healthcare Ltd and University of Sheffield. LH acknowledges the financial support of NHS Research Scotland (NRS), through NHS Lothian.

In-Home Smartphone-Based Prediction of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Conjunction With Level 2 Home Polysomnography

“…Previously, to our knowledge, only 1 study used smartphone-recorded sounds in a home setting, referencing level 3 HSAT (SOMNOtouch RESP [SOMNOmedics GmbH]). 9 Therefore, no electroencephalogram was incorporated, potentially resulting in an underestimation of AHI. Furthermore, the prediction model was devel-oped using only 103 participants.…”

“…Some studies focus on tracheal sounds, [24][25][26] while others use speech 28 or ambient sound. 8,9,27 However, many of these studies conducted sound recordings in controlled, noisefree environments, [26][27][28] which do not accurately represent the typical background noises experienced by patients in their home sleep settings. The ultimate goal of using sound-based approaches for OSA prediction is to develop a method that can be applied in a home setting, similar to level 1 in-laboratory PSG.…”

“…Sound-based assessment for OSA has emerged as a promising approach that enables noncontact and in-home monitoring using smartphones or wearable devices. [8][9][10] Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of using breathing sounds to develop predictive models for OSA detection. However, many of these studies validated their prediction models using sound collected in controlled environments, referencing level 1 PSG.…”