1/12-scale physical modeling experiments in support of tank 241-SY- 101 hydrogen mitigation

Fort, James A.; Bamberger, Judith Ann; Bates, John M.; Enderlin, Carl W.; Elmore, M.R.

doi:10.2172/6645120

Cited by 8 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Mixing and Uniformity Studies SY-101 Studies Fort et al (1993) conducted 1/12-scale experiments to support hydrogen mitigation in tank SY-101. The tests included ultrasonic characterization and grab samples to quantify slurry uniformity during mixing as a function of time.…”

Section: 322mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these studies, jets were studied in carbopol solutions that had a yield stress of about 1 Pa. The second study is by Fort et al (1993), where velocity measurements were taken of a turbulent jet in series of 1/12-scale DST jet mixer tests.…”

Section: Effect Of Cohesive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second study useful in evaluating the jet velocity decay is the work by Fort et al (1993). In this study, fluid velocities and solids concentrations profiles were measured in a 1/12-scale test of Hanford Tank 101-SY using a single, centrally located pump with opposed jets to mobilize and mix a settled slurry.…”

Section: Effect Of Cohesive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Minusil-30 was described as having a mean particle size of about 10 µm. A particle size distribution for this material was not reported in Fort et al (1993), but current product information for the particle size distribution for Minusil-30 is available (US Silica 2010). The jet diameter was 0.224 in., which was 1/12 of the full-scale nozzle.…”

Section: Effect Of Cohesive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Cohesive Particle Interactions on Solids Uniformity and Mobilization During Jet Mixing: Testing Recommendations

Gauglitz¹,

Wells²,

Bamberger³

et al. 2010

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Executive SummaryRadioactive waste that is currently stored in large underground tanks at the Hanford Site will be staged in selected double-shell tanks (DSTs) and then transferred to the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). Before being transferred, the waste will be mixed, sampled, and characterized to determine if the waste composition meets the waste feed specifications. Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS) is conducting a Tank Mixing and Sampling Demonstration Program to determine the mixing effectiveness of the current baseline mixing system that uses two jet mixer pumps to mobilize and mix waste in DSTs and to determine the adequacy of the planned sampling method. The overall purpose of the demonstration program is to mitigate the technical risk associated with the mixing and sampling systems meeting the feed certification requirements for transferring waste to the WTP.A critical aspect of meeting the feed certification requirements is ensuring that the collected samples will adequately represent the contents of the tank and that all batches of transferred waste are sufficiently uniform so that they all are equivalent to the characterized samples. However, the tank waste contains slurries of solid particles that settle and may become progressively more concentrated towards the bottom of the tank. Obtaining a perfectly uniform distribution of waste in the DSTs with a mixing system may not be possible. To determine how close this ideal can be approached, the expected performance of the DST mixing and sampling systems must be quantified. There have been a number of laboratory studies and full-scale tank farm studies that evaluated mixing behavior; these studies are discussed later in this report. However, these studies do not provide adequate quantitative information to evaluate the performance of the planned sampling and the batch uniformity. Accordingly, WRPS' demonstration program is focusing specifically on quantifying the uniformity of samples and batch transferred material to reduce the technical risk associated with these systems.The first phase of the demonstration program is to conduct scaled tests that appropriately match fullscale behavior and to evaluate sampling methodologies and the uniformity of batch transfers. The initial scaled testing will use non-cohesive particles where the particles do not have cohesive interactions that would cause the particles to stick together. The purpose of this report is to analyze existing data and evaluate whether scaled mixing tests with cohesive simulants are needed to meet the overall objectives of the small-scale mixing demonstration program. This evaluation will focus on estimating the role of cohesive particle interactions on various physical phenomena that occur in parts of the mixing process. A specific focus of the evaluation will be on the uniformity of suspended solids in the mixed region.The evaluation shows that cohesive particle interaction will have multiple effects through a number of different mechanisms. Some of the effects ...

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Section: 322mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Cohesive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Cohesive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Cohesive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Role of Cohesive Particle Interactions on Solids Uniformity and Mobilization During Jet Mixing: Testing Recommendations

Gauglitz¹,

Wells²,

Bamberger³

et al. 2010

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“…Most of the experiments that have been performed so far have lumped together all the processes described above in simulating the full-scale mobilization conditions. The significance of scale-up has been recognized in almost all the experimental work performed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (e.g.,, Fort et al 1993.1. kinematic, and geometric scaling have in most cases been attempted through matching the Reynolds number, Froude number, Strouhal number, and tank and nozzle geometry (Powell et al 1997).l However, most of the effort has been invested in the integrated rather than separate processes, what is known as "separate effects" experiments.…”

Section: O Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of scaling correlations for mobilization of double-shell tank waste

Shekarriz¹,

Hammad²,

Powell³

1997

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Executive Summary *In this report, we have examined some of the fundamental mechanisms expected to be at work during mobilization of the waste within the double-shell tanks at Hanford. The motivation stems from the idea that in order to properly apply correlations derived from scaled tests, one would have to ensure that appropriate scaling laws are utilized. Further, in the process of delineating the controlling mechanisms during mobilization, the currently used computational codes are being validated and strengthened based on these findings.Experiments were performed at 1/50-scale, different from what had been performed in the previous fiscal years (i.e., 1/12-and 1/25-scale). It was anticipated that if the current empirical correlations are to work, they should be scale invariant. The current results showed that linear scaling between the 1/25-scale and 1/50-scale correlations do not work well.Several mechanisms were examined in the scaled tests which might have contributed to the discrepancies between the results at these two scales. No deficiencies in the experimental approach and the data were found. Cognizant of these results, it was concluded that the use of the current empirical correlations for ECR should be done cautiously taking into account the appropriate properties of the material for yielding.To better understand some of the fundamental mechanisms within the "separate-effect" processes during mobilization, theoretical analysis was carried out, supported by careful laboratory measurements of turbulence within Newtonian and non-Newtonian jets. It was concluded that most of the mechanisms related to scaling of turbulent Newtonian jets and pseudoplastic jets are considered to be unimportant. It was found that as long as geometric scaling was properly maintained, the fluid did not develop any yield stress, and the jet Reynolds numbers were maintained above 10,000, then the dynamics within the jets scaled well. However, the jet turbulence studies were performed from a normal jet -sludge interaction point of view. It was concluded that the reason the 1/50-scale and 1/25-scale (and perhaps 1/12-scale) results did not scale was because of off-normal jet -sludge interactions. We do not believe that the material property variance played a significant role in the scaled experiments. Once the effect of off-normal interaction is included, then the results from various scales should collapse onto a unique set of curves.

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Physicochemical mechanisms controlling the periodic release of flammable gases from hanford tanks

Alexander¹,

Soundararajan

Morcos³

1995

Remediation Journal

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1/12-scale physical modeling experiments in support of tank 241-SY- 101 hydrogen mitigation

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

The Role of Cohesive Particle Interactions on Solids Uniformity and Mobilization During Jet Mixing: Testing Recommendations

The Role of Cohesive Particle Interactions on Solids Uniformity and Mobilization During Jet Mixing: Testing Recommendations

Evaluation of scaling correlations for mobilization of double-shell tank waste

Physicochemical mechanisms controlling the periodic release of flammable gases from hanford tanks

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